Greek Vocabulary 5

1. Greek Vocabulary 5 Roots, definitions, synonyms, antonyms, sentences, and related words

2. android What does -oid mean? Then what could andr- mean?

3. android • andr/o – • man; male; stamen • android – • n. a mobile robot usually with a human form • adj. possessing human features

4. android • In I, Robot, one of the androids was trying to save people from the evil computer. • Our technology is awfully close to producing androids that may be able to blend in to our society, illustrated by the android teacher above, but we have yet to decide on the ethical issues of such a creation.

5. android Related words: • androgen • androgenous • androgynous • misandry • philander

6. apogee What might apo- mean? What about gee or geo?

7. apogee • v. the farthest or highest point • adj. apogean • Synonyms: acme, apex, height, capstone, climax, crescendo, crest, crown, culmination, head, high noon, high tide, high-water mark, meridian, noon, noontime, peak, pinnacle, sum, summit, tip-top, top, zenith • Antonyms: bottom, nadir, rock bottom • apo – • away; from; off; separate • apogee – • n. the point at which the orbit of the moon or a satellite is farthest from the earth, also the point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited

8. apogee • Although it is merely farther away, when it is at its apogee, the moon appears to be smaller. • At its apogee some time after 1400, the Incan Empire was the largest nation in the world. • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/lost-inca-empire.html • http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2011/04/inca-empire/pringle-text

9. apogee • apoplexy • apostle • apostrophe • apotheosis • apocalypse • apocryphal • apology Related words: • aphelion • apheresis • aphorism

10. asterisk What might aster- mean?

11. asterisk • astro, aster – • star • asterisk – • n. the character * used in printing or writing as a reference mark, as an indication of the omission of letters or words, to denote a hypothetical or unattested linguistic form, or for various arbitrary meanings • v. to mark with an asterisk • Synonym: star

12. asterisk • Asterisks are very useful when taking notes and when reading texts which use footnotes. • When taking a written test or composing an essay, if realize you want to add a phrase or sentence to a portion you’ve already completed, just add an asterisk where you want the text to go and use an asterisk below to indicate the text you wish to add.

13. asterisk Related words: • aster • asteroid • astrodome • astrology • astronaut • astronomical • disaster

14. dermatology What does –ology mean? What must derma or dermato- mean then?

15. dermatology • derma, dermat/o – • skin • dermatology – • n. a branch of medicine dealing with the skin, its structure, functions, and diseases • adj. dermatologic , dermatological adv. dermatologically n. dermatologist

16. dermatology • By using dermatology many ordinary people have been able to improve their skin and recover from severe acne. • “Dermatology deals with fungal diseases, skin cancers, psoriasis, and life-threatening skin diseases such as pemphigus, scleroderma, and lupus erythematosus.” • This entry comes from Encyclopædia Britannica Concise.

17. dermatology Related words: • dermatitis • dermis • echinoderm • epidermis • hypodermic • pachyderm • taxidermy

18. orthodontist Which root might mean teeth? What do you think the other root means?

19. orthodontist • orthodontist – • n. a type of dentist who deals with irregularities of the teeth (as malocclusion) and their correction through straightening (as with braces) adj. orthodontic adv. orthodontically n. orthodontist • ortho – • straight; correct • dont, odont – • tooth; teeth

20. orthodontist • The orthodontist uses braces, retainers, and spacers over a period of time to reshape a person’s smile. • As a junior in high school, I was not excited to get braces, but the orthodontic treatment straightened my teeth by the end of my freshman year of college.

21. orthodontist • odontology • periodontal • orthodox • orthopedics • unorthodox

22. unorthodox You know what un- means, right? Now you know what ortho means, so what might dox- mean?

23. unorthodox • dox – • belief, praise • unorthodox – • adj. breaking with convention or tradition; not conforming to established doctrines or beliefs • Synonyms: dissenting, dissident, heterodox, iconoclastic, maverick, nonconformist, out-there, unconventional, heretical • Antonyms: conforming, conformist, conventional, orthodox

24. unorthodox • In 24 Jack Bauer sometimes uses unorthodox means to save the country and prevent terrorist attacks. • The girls in the photo are dressed in an unorthodox manner, not conforming to the norms of their society but expressing their own style and fun-loving spirit. • “In an unorthodox course of treatment … superglue stopped a brain aneurysm and saved the life of a 20-day-old girl in Kansas.” ~CNN

25. unorthodox Related words: • doxology • neoorthodoxy • paradox • orthodox

26. misogynist The –ist suffix usually indicates one who -, and you now know what mis- means, right? What do you think gyn- means? What kind of person would a misogynist be?

27. misogynist • gyn, gynec – • woman; female • misogynist – • n. or adj. one who hates women n. misogyny adj. misogynistic adv. misogynistically

28. misogynist • Misogynists can come in many forms: those who appear to love women but don’t and those who clearly have no respect for women. • On Facebook, on blogs, and in jokes, I have seen a huge rise in misogyny in the past few years, but with the new generation, I can see the change to come.

29. misogynist Related words: • androgynous • gynecologist • misogyny • philogyny

30. idolatry What could this root mean?

31. idolatry • –latry – • worship • idolatry – • n. 1. the worship of a physical object as a god 2. immoderate attachment or devotion to something pl. n. idolatries adj. idolatrous v. idolize, -ed, -ing, -es; n. idolization • Synonyms: adulation, deification, hero worship, worship, idolization, worshipping (also worshiping) • Near Antonyms: condemnation, disapproval, disfavor, dislike, dismissal, disregard, hatred, loathing, scorn

32. idolatry • Some say that people in our modern society idolize fame and fortune. • By caring more about her money than the people around her who loved her, the music diva practiced idolatry in her everyday life.

33. idolatry Related words: • demonolatry • Mariolatry • necrolatry • zoolatry

34. dialogue What does dia- mean? You already know the word “dialogue” or “dialog,” so guess what logue or log means.

35. dialogue • log/o – • word; discourse; doctrine • dialogue – • n. 1. a written composition in which two or more characters are represented as conversing • 2. a conversation or exchange of ideas and opinions between two or more persons • 3. a discussion between representatives of parties to a conflict that is aimed at resolution • v. to participate in a dialogue • pl. n. dialogues v. dialoguing, -s, -d n. dialoguer • Synonyms: argument, argumentation, back-and-forth, colloquy, confab, confabulation, conference, consult, consultation, council, counsel, debate, deliberation, discussion, give-and-take, palaver, parley, talk

36. dialogue • Because they had worked together for many years, they had an honest and open dialogue concerning their company’s future. • During the worst part of the strike, Milena was relived when both labor and corporate agreed to dialogue to reach a solution to the dispute.

37. dialogue Related words: • analogy • apology • catalogue • epilogue • eulogy • logic • logo • monologue • prologue • syllogism • trilogy

38. egomania I bet you can guess what this word and root mean?

39. egomania – • n. : the state of being extremely egocentric and focused on oneself n. egomaniac adj. egomaniacal adv. egomaniacally • Synonyms: egocentricity, egocentrism, egoism, egotism, narcissism, navel-gazing, self-absorption, self-centeredness, self-concern, self-interest, self-involvement, selfishness, self-preoccupation, self-regard • Antonyms: self-abandonment, self-forgetfulness, selflessness, unselfishness egomania • mania – • excessive desire; mental aberration

40. egomania • In skits and films, many actors portray men and women who are egomaniacs, those who think the world revolves around them. • Many of us suffer from egomania, but we have to attempt to focus on the needs of others and put them first sometimes.

41. egomania • monomania • pyromania • maniac • manic-depressive (now called bipolar) • megalomania • bibliomania • kleptomania • mania

42. amorphous -ous is what kind of word ending? A word that ends in –ous will always be a … What do a- and an- mean as a root?

43. amorphous • morph/o – • form • amorphous – • adj. without distinct form or shape; lacking organization or unity n. amorphousness adv. amorphously • Synonyms: formless, shapeless, unformed, unshaped, unstructured • Antonyms: formed, shaped, structured

44. amorphous • The amorphous blob of gelatin splattered on the lunchroom table as the girl dropped her bowl from the tray. • Although the new business had a strong business plan, the implementation of it was more of an amorphous organization.

45. amorphous Related words: • anthropomorphism • dimorphic • endomorphic • geomorphology • metamorphosis • morphine • polymorphic

46. antonym I bet you know what ant or anti means… and you already know what an antonym is, so think about the root –onym.

47. antonym • onym – • name; word • antonym – • n. a word with the opposite meaning of another word • adj. antonymic adj. antonymous

48. antonym • Hot and cold are antonyms, and tall and short are antonyms. • Some antonyms of ambiguous are clear, obvious, and unequivocal.

49. antonym Related words: • acronym • anonymous • homonym • metonymy • patronymic • pseudonym • synonym

50. Root Review 1 • andr/o – • man; male; stamen • apo – • away; from; off; separate • astro, aster – • star • derma, dermat/o – • skin • morph/o – • form