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Vulkaners tektoniske placering

Vulkaners tektoniske placering. Lava og magma. Typer: Basalt Andesit Dacit og Rhyolit. Lava. Magma. Bjergarter - typer. Obsidian (vulkansk glas) ‏ Pimpsten – en meget let sten med mange huller. Normalt rhyolitic, dacitic eller andesitic.

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Vulkaners tektoniske placering

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  1. Vulkaners tektoniske placering

  2. Lava og magma Typer: • Basalt • Andesit • Dacit og Rhyolit Lava Magma

  3. Bjergarter - typer • Obsidian (vulkansk glas)‏ • Pimpsten – en meget let sten med mange huller. Normalt rhyolitic, dacitic eller andesitic. • Vesicular rock – gjergart fyldt med huller. basaltic og andesitic. • Pyroclasts/Tephra (bomber, laphili eller aske (tuf))‏

  4. Vulkantyper • Slaggevulkaner • Skjoldvulkaner • Stratovulkaner • Lavaflod/sprække vulkan • Calderaer • Supervulkaner

  5. Skjoldvulkaner • 100 km • Basalt • Mauna Loa, Hawaii • Findes ved konstruktive pladegrænser og hotspots

  6. Sprækkevulkaner • Midtatlantiske ryg • Basalt • Laki, 1783-4, 25% • Findes ved konstruktive pladegrænser og ved Hotspots

  7. Keglevulkaner(Stratovulkaner) • Klassisk vulkan • Periodiske eksplosive udbrud • Lagdelte • Findes ved destruktive pladegrænser, hvor mindst den ene plade er en oceanplade

  8. Slaggevulkaner • Max. 300 m • Groft tefra • Mauna Kea, Hawaii

  9. EksplosionsvulkanerCaldera og supervulkaner • Santorini • Yellowstone

  10. Hotspots • Hawaii, knæk 40 mill. • Island

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