1 / 32

Basic Electrical wiring

Basic Electrical wiring. Residential Construction Unit 5- Energy Efficiencies and Mechanicals Mr. Todzia. How does electricity get to your house?.

alagan
Download Presentation

Basic Electrical wiring

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Basic Electrical wiring Residential Construction Unit 5- Energy Efficiencies and Mechanicals Mr. Todzia

  2. How does electricity get to your house? Generation facilities- Most electricity is made by turbine blades rotating at speeds high enough to produce electricity in a generator. The blades can be turned by water, steam or wind.

  3. Switchyard • High-voltage switchyard- The electricity flows through metal conduction to a switchyard, where a transformer steps up voltage for transmission.

  4. Transmission Lines • Transmission lines -Transmission lines can efficiently carry high-voltage electricity over long distance to substations.

  5. Substations • Substations -At substations, electricity is stepped down so it can travel over smaller distribution lines to homes and businesses.

  6. Distribution Lines • Distribution lines -Distribution lines carry electricity to neighborhoods.

  7. Transformer • Transformer -an electric-pole transformer reduces the voltage to a level that can be used in homes

  8. Service Drop and Meter • The line that connect from the overhead street power lines to your house is called the Service Drop. • The utility company owns and is responsible for the Service drop and any wires before they enter the Weatherhead.

  9. Weatherhead • The weatherhead prevents any water, snow or moisture to enter the system and travel down the wires to the panel.

  10. Service Panel • After the wires enter the weatherhead they travel down the large conduit to the Service panel. • From the panel, the power is distributed to the different circuits throughout the house.

  11. Circuits • A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. • Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and, by interrupting continuity, to immediately discontinue electrical flow. • Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then has to be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation.

  12. Main components in residential application • Lights and Switches • Receptacles/outlets • Hardwired appliances

  13. Tools of the trade

  14. Lights and switches • Lights are typically run with 14 gauge wire. • In a single pole application when one switch is operating the light, 14-2 wire is used. • In a 3-way situation when a two switches are used to operate one light, then 14-3 wire must be used.

  15. Single pole switch wiring

  16. 3-way switch wiring

  17. Outlets • An electrical outlet, also called a receptacle, is the flush mounted plate we plug our electrical appliances into. 15 amp outlet 20 amp outlet

  18. 15 amp and 20 amp Outlets • 15 amp outlets are run with 14 gauge wire. • 20 amp outlets are run with 12 gauge wire. • 20 amp outlets are recognizable by the T-shaped slot on the neutral side of the outlet. 20 amp 15 amp

  19. Wiring an Outlet • There is usually more than one outlet on a circuit, so the above diagram explains how to wire an outlet in the middle of circuit and also how the outlet on the end is wired.

  20. GFCI • GFCI stands for Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter. • GFCI outlets are required by code in bathrooms and kitchens because both areas have the chance of getting wet.

  21. 220-240 amp outlets • Some appliances in your home will require a 220 volt outlet. • Kitchen Stove • Cloths Dryer

  22. Hard wired • Some appliances or fixtures are hard wired to the power supply. This means they don’t plug in, but they have the wires from the wall tied directly to them. • Some examples might include • Dish waser • Well pump • Furnace/boiler • Hot water heater • Smoke detectors

  23. Some wiring tips • Always flip a breaker off before you do any work on a circuit! • Smoke detectors are required by code in any residence. • Lighting circuits should be wired separately from other circuits so if a breaker is tripped, you still have lights. • By code switches have to be installed 48 inches from the floor. • By code outlets have to installed 18 from the floor.

  24. Tips continued • Install outlets with the ground hole facing up so you will never drop something across the hot and neutral lines. • When drilling studs for running wire in walls, always drill in the center of the stud to minimize the risk of hitting a wire with a nail. • Remember that only 50 milliamps of electricity across your chest, stop your heart. • Use insulated tools. • Never cut across a hot and neutral with any tool. (lineman's pliers, sawzall) It will trip the breaker and ruin the tool.

  25. Tips continued • If a wire has to be run too close to the edge of a stud, then use a metal protective plate in case someone drives a nail in that area. • When wiring switches and outlets, use needle nose pliers to bend C-Shaped hooks on the bare end of the wire. • Wrap the end of the wire clockwise onto the screw so that when you tighten the screw the hook tightens around the screw instead of loosening up.

  26. Tips continued • Remember that to become an electrician you must complete a 4 year apprenticeship program, thousands of hours of on-the-job experience and hundreds of hours in the classroom. • So don’t assume that because you have seen this presentation you can wire a house!

  27. Dedicated circuits • For larger and more sensitive appliances, it is a good idea to run a dedicated circuit which means, only that appliance is on that circuit, nothing else. This minimizes the chance of the breaker being tripped. • Some examples of appliances are: • Refrigerator • Air Conditioners • Furnace/boiler • Electric stove • High-end Electronics (as seen in hospitals) • Well pump • Hot water heater • Anything with a large electrical draw

  28. Types of wire

  29. Types of switches

  30. Types of Lighting

  31. Types of Boxes

More Related