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sum et possum

sum et possum. sum is an irregular verb. How do you remember the forms? You just do. The verb ‘to be’ is irregular in many languages. . The principal parts of ‘to be’ are sum esse fuī futurus. present tense imperfect tense future tense. sum eram erō. es erās eris. est erat erit.

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sum et possum

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  1. sum et possum

  2. sum is an irregular verb. How do you remember the forms? You just do. The verb ‘to be’ is irregular in many languages. The principal parts of ‘to be’ are sum esse fuī futurus

  3. present tense imperfect tense future tense sum eramerō eserāseris esteraterit sumuserāmuserimus estiserātiseritis sunteranterunt NB – no macra in the present and future. There are macra in the past

  4. esse is a linking verb. If you have a form of esse, watch out for predicate nominatives and predicative adjectives!

  5. esse is used in many compound words. Remember adsum and absum? Here is another: posse. It is a compound of potis and esse. potis is an irregular adjective, meaning able/capable. posse means to be able.

  6. present tense imperfect tense future tense possum poterampoterō potespoterāspoteris potestpoteratpoterit possumuspoterāmuspoterimus potestispoterātispoteritis possuntpoterantpoterunt NB – the form should be poTsum, but the T changed to an S by assimilation

  7. posse is used with a complementary infinitive (complere, to complete/fill). A complementary infinitive does not have its own subject; it has the same subject of the verb on which it depends.

  8. agrōsbellōsvidērenōnpossumus. We are not able to see the beautiful fields. or We cannot see the beautiful fields. It is fine to translate posse as can, but I encourage you to translate it as be able. That way, the English grammatical structure matches the Latin grammatical structure (complementary infinitive).

  9. Nōnamotē, Sabidī, nec possum dīcerequārē.Hoc tantum possum dīcere: nōnamotē.-an epigram by Martial

  10. Nōnamotē, Sabidī, nec possum dīcerequārē. Translation Step 1: What case is Sabidī? Translation Step 2: Translate non amote. Translation Step 3: Translate nec possum dicerequare.

  11. Hoc tantum possum dīcere: nōnamotē. Translation Step 4: What is the subject of Hoc tantum possum dīcere? Translation Step 5: What is the main verb? What is the complementary infinitive? What is the object of that infinitive? What part of speech is tantum? Translation Step 6: Rearrange word order (ego) possum diceretantum hoc. Translation Step 7: Translate non amote.

  12. Nōnamotē, Sabidī, nec possum dīcerequārē.Hoc tantum possum dīcere: nōnamotē.-an epigram by Martial I do not love you, Sabidius, nor am I able to say why. I am able to say only this: I do not love you.

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