Penicillin

1. Penicillin Jitka Trtílková Martin Nejezchleb

2. Alexandr Fleming • 6.8.1881 – 11.3.1955 • Doctor and bacteriologist • He worked in research laboratory in Ann`s hospital in London • In 1928 he discovered mould Penicillium Notatum • Penicillin is secreted by this mould • He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945 mould = plíseň

3. History of penicillin • Pure penicillin was extracted in 1941 • Penicillin was declared top-secret and only wound soldiers in the Second World Wargot it • Since 1944 penicillin has been at the disposal of all people Penicillium Nottatum

4. Properties • Weak organic acids • Low solubility in water • Sensitive to light, heat, extreme pH, heavy metals, oxidation and reduction agents • In the presence of alcohol Penicillins are degraded

5. Structure Penicillin G R = CH2C6H5 Penicillin V R = CH2OC6H5 general formula

6. Application • The most used antibiotic in the world • For bacterial disease as are: streptococcus, meningococcus, diptheria, blood poisoning, some veneral disease, brain fever and bronchitis diptheria = záškrt, blood poisoning = otrava krve,veneral disease =   pohlavní choroby, brain fever = zápal moskových blanbronchitis = zánět průdušek

7. Penicillin action • It stops synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in damaged cell • Inhibition of cell-wall synthesis • Influence to the ectoplast cell-wall = buněčná stěna, ectoplast = buněčná membrána, inhibition = zastavení, influence = vliv

8. 100g of garlic 100g of onion 70g of dill 100g of horse-radish 50g of celery 6-8 lemons Sugar (to your taste) 2l of water Boil water with sugar. When it becomes cold, add other cut up ingredients. Put it into a bottle. After 3 weeks you can consume it. Recipe for home penicillin dill = kopr, horse-radish = křen

9. Thank for your attention