Developing Business/IT Solutions

1. 10 DevelopingBusiness/IT Solutions

2. Knowledge Workers Checklist • necessity of planning • participation is important • development through insourcing • selfsourcing &outsourcing • enterprise resource planning

3. Planning • most fundamental & critical step • IT systems plan • IT systems & organizations goals • critical success factors • evaluating proposed IT systems • cost-benefit analysis • risk analysis • capital investment analysis

4. What, When, Who and … • what & when done during planning • who • insource • selfsource • outsource

5. How • systems development life cycle (SDLC) • prototyping • enterprise resource planning (ERP) • Joint application Development (JAD) • Rapid Application Development (RAD) • who & how are interrelated

6. traditional & structured IT specialists play major role steps planning scoping analysis design implementation support SDLC

7. Planning requirements • IT plan should meet organizations strategic plan • forge alliance • strategic direction & new system • fusion

8. Scoping • define problem not symptoms • which business units affected? • form project team • review existing applications • feasibility reviews • knowledge workers participate

9. Analysis • logical requirements determined • model, study & analyze current system • define new requirements • model new system • update project plan & scope

10. Design • identify alternative solutions • analyze alternatives & choose one • update project plan and scope • overall goal: technical blueprint

11. Implementation • programming software • acquire hardware & install • test • training • systems conversion

12. Conversion Strategies • parallel • plunge • pilot • piecemeal

13. Support • react to changes in user needs • keep system viable • not the last step • the C in SDLC stands for cycle

14. Self-sourcing & Prototyping • knowledge worker development • empower users to build prototypes • make improvements to model • dynamic, iterative process

15. Advantages of Prototyping • encourages user participation • helps resolve discrepancies in requirements • gives users a feel for the final system • helps determine feasibility • helps sell the proposed system

16. Disadvantages of Prototyping • schedule expectations raised • not performance under regular conditions • may lead to lax testing and documentation

17. Self-sourcing • major tasks • scoping • analysis • support • documentation • ongoing support

18. Advantages • improves requirements determination • increase in participation • increased speed of development

19. Potential Pitfalls & Risks • inadequate expertise • lack of organizational focus • insufficient design • lack of docs & external support

20. Outsourcing • select target system • establish logical requirements • develop Request for Proposal (RFP) • choose a vendor • test and accept solution • monitor & reevaluate • advantages & disadvantages exist

21. Request for Proposal • most important document in outsourcing • tells what you want • invites bidding from vendors

22. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) • the coordinated planning of all resources involved in: • production • development • selling • servicing of goods & services

23. Enterprise Software • supports ERP • a set of common business applications • tools for modeling entire organization • development tools • replaces CASE tools

24. Summary • planning is the most critical step in the systems development process • answers to the questions of what, when, who and how surrounding a system should be answered • the who is a choice between insource, selfsource and outsource • the systems development life cycle is the traditional how while prototyping can also be used, enterprise resource planning (ERP) is gaining many fans • the steps in SDLC are: planning, scoping, analysis, design, implementation and support • prototyping is often used by knowledge workers to build their own systems • selfsourcing can increase the participation of workers • outsourcing relies heavily on RFP to select vendor