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The Hybridized Driveway

The Hybridized Driveway. A unique approach to the 21 st century automotive Challenge. The 21 st Century Automotive Challenge.

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The Hybridized Driveway

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  1. The Hybridized Driveway A unique approach to the 21st century automotive Challenge

  2. The 21st Century Automotive Challenge • “Design and develop a vehicle that practically reduces a highway vehicle’s carbon footprint and provides for greater fossil fuel efficiency in transporting passengers and cargo from point A to point B. Special attention is given to highway payload efficiency. Speed and cost efficiency is also included. Passenger safety, preservation of cargo, and the over-all environmental impact of vehicle production, cradle to grave, should also be included as important factors.”

  3. The Problem

  4. The 21st Century Problem • Global Warming • Greenhouse Gasses • Four sectors: • Residential • Industrial • Commercial • Transportation

  5. The 21st Century Problem

  6. Transportation • Transportation accounts for 33% of American carbon dioxide emissions

  7. Transportation in America • Currently 300 million people in the US • 230 million people are eligible to drive • 115 million workers in the US—99.6 million (86.5%) commute to work in a car, truck, or van • Of those commuting drivers, 84 million (84.6%) drive alone to work and 12 million (12.1%) carpool with only one other person

  8. Transportation in America • Most American households have two cars • American cities are built around private vehicle usage as the primary means of transportation

  9. Our Solution -- The Hybridized Solution

  10. The Hybridized Driveway • A problem as big as global warming will take more than just new technology, it will require a cultural change as well

  11. The Hybridized Driveway • There already is a certain degree of specialization of cars in today’s house hold. • Why not have two cars for two different purposes? • Short haul, commuting, errands, around town, etc. • Longer haul, trips, multiple passengers

  12. Our Driveway Moritz Woodstock • 2000 VW Jetta • 1,300 lbs towing capacity • BioDiesel • Long Range Driving • 50 mpg • Converted 1994 Ford Ranger • Electric • Short Range Driving • 92 MPGe

  13. Speed: 0 – 110 mph Acceleration:0 – 60 in 9 sec Passengers:5 people Fuel Tank Capacity:15 gallons Range in miles:600 – 700 Cost Efficiency:Using Standard Petro6.3¢ per mileUsing SM’s B1002.1¢ per mile Moritz- Volkswagen TDI Jetta

  14. Moritz’s Fuel • Moritz runs completely off Biodiesel (B100) • Can also use any ratio of petro diesel to biodiesel • Not a “grease” car (B100 refined from cooking oil) • No conversions were necessary

  15. Biodiesel • Biodiesel fuels are refined from organic sources • We produce our own biodiesel from used cooking oil • Zero emissions

  16. Additional Specifications • Moritz trunk space- 13 cubic feet • Woodstock cargo space- 48 cubic feet • http://www.internetautoguide.com/car-specifications/09-int/2000/volkswagen/jetta/index.html • Safety- http://www.internetautoguide.com/crash-tests/09-int/2000/volkswagen/jetta/index.html

  17. Speed: 0 – 75 mph Acceleration:0 – 30 in 5 sec Passengers:2 people (pickup) Electrical storage capacity:32.2 kWh Range in miles:60 – 90 Recharge Time:5 hours Cost Efficiency:Using “green” electricity 6.5¢ per mileUsing std. grid electricity5.7¢ per mile Recharge sources:Electrical GridSolar panelsWind turbine Woodstock-1994 Ford Ranger

  18. Electric Vehicle • Woodstock runs on “green” electricity • Green electricity is generated by Wind, Solar and Biomass

  19. Solar Energy • Woodstock has three solar panels above its cargo bay that run passively • It generates 5% of the total electricity per day needed

  20. Wind Energy • Woodstock also has a portable wind turbine • Woodstock must be stationary to deploy the turbine

  21. Negative Emissions • The wind turbine can generate electricity to charge Woodstock’s batteries and produce a surplus as well • This surplus energy can be put back on the electrical grid

  22. The Benefits of the Hybridized Driveway

  23. The Benefits of the Hybridized Driveway • The technology to begin to implement this idea is already here • The technology needed is widespread and relatively cheap

  24. Who are we? St. Mark’s School is a private boarding high school in Southboro, MA Woodstock was converted and modified by team members Conor MacKean ’03, Carole Lemos-Wade ‘06, Nick Generous ’07, Peter Smithy ‘08, Max Ziegler ’09, Xander Lodge ‘09, and many others! Moritz is a ‘00 VW Jetta TDI. Its principal modification is an removable fuel tank for precise fuel measurements.

  25. Who are our friends? • St. Mark’s Alumni and parents! • Evergreen Solar – photovoltaic • Wayside Ford – technical assistance • Consumer Services Group – “Climate Save” energy • Center for Resource Solutions – “green-e” • The Alternative Energy Store – Air-X turbine • FLIK Food Services – raw material for biodiesel • Earth Tech –raw material for biodiesel

  26. Works Cited • Data on slide 4 from http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/1605/ggrpt/carbon.html - Department of energy report from 2005 on US emissions • Picture on slide 5 from http://www.corrosioncost.com/infrastructure/highway/highway2.j • Data on slide 6 from http://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/journey/usveh90.txt, http://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/c2kbr01-12.pdf • Photo on Slide 8 from http://phong.com/imagery/photos/content/2004/04.April/22.suburbia.jpg and http://www.beijinghighlights.com/photos/beijingtoday/traffic.JPG

  27. Cost for one charge… WS. How many Batts. WS—24 6 volt batteries. 144 volts 200 amp hrs • Cost to fully charge batteries using “green” electricity at 18¢/kWh is $5.70 • Cost to charge batteries using “regular” electricity at 16¢/kWh is $5.07

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