Reported Speech (Versión en Español)

1. Direct and IndirectSpeech ReportedSpeech(Versión en Español)

2. ¿Qué es el Estilo Indirecto? • Consiste en informar de algo que se habla o se ha hablado • Por ejemplo: Juan dice: “Hablo Inglés” (Estilo Directo) • Juan dice que habla inglés (Estilo Indirecto) • He says: “I speakEnglish” • He says (that) he speaksEnglish • Si el primer verbo está en presente, como en este caso “says”, no hay muchos cambios: • That: “que”, está entre paréntesis porque se puede omitir • El pronombre personal “I” se cambiaría por la persona de la que se está hablando, en este ejemplo, se cambiaría por “he” • El verbo se coordinaría con el sujeto “speak” “speaks”

3. Si el primer verbo está en pasado es cuando hay que aplicar los mayores cambios: • He said: “I spoketo my grandmotheryesterday” • He said (that) he hadspokentohisgrandmotherthedaybefore • Como se puede observar, en este caso tendremos que hacer más cambios:

4. Verbal Changes (Cambios verbales) Direct speech  Indirect speech Simple present  Simple past “I never eat meat” he explained = he explained that he never ate meat. Present continuous Past continuous “I’m waiting for Ann” he said = He said that he was waiting for Ann. Present perfect  Past perfect “I have found a flat” he said = He said that he had found a flat. Present perfect continuous Past perfect continuous He said “I’ve been waiting for ages” = He said that he had been waiting for ages Simple Past  Past perfect “I took it home with me” he said = He said he had taken it home with him Future Conditional He said “Ann will be in Paris on Monday” = He said that Ann would be in Paris on Monday Future continuous  Conditional continuous “I’ll be using the car myself on the 24th” he said = He said he’d be using the car himself on the 24th

5. More verbal changes (más cambios verbales) “I must leave just now” She said she had to leave at that moment “ I couldn’t swim yesterday” She said she hadn’t been able to swim the previous day

6. More Changes Adverbs and adverbial phrases of time (Expresiones de tiempo)

7. DIFFERENT TYPE OF SENTENCES (Diferentes tipos de oraciones en las que se estudia el Estilo Indirecto)

8. STATEMENTS

9. Put these sentences into indirect Speech “I’ve no idea what the time is, but you can dial 123 and find out” she said “I must go. I have to catch the four o’clock train” Peter said “I think it’s going to rain” my brother said “I haven’t had time to type the letter” the secretary said to her boss “I can’t remember his address” he said. “We didn’t get home until midnight” they told us “I’m hungry” she said angrily “I will go the country if the weather gets better” my brother said. “I must leave. The train is leaving” Peter said.

10. Yesterday, I met my friend Charlie and thisiswhat he told me. Can youwritewhat he saidto me intotheindirectspeech? 1. I’mthinking of goingtolive in NewYork 8. I hardlyevergooutthesedays 2. My fatheris in hospital 9. I work 14 hours a day 3. July and Mark are gettingmarriednextmonth 10. I’lltellJim I sawyou 4. I haven’tseenSuefor a month 11. You can come and staywith me ifyou are ever in London 5. I’vebeenplayingtennis a lotrecently 12. Tom hadanaccidentlastweekbut he wasn’tinjured 6. María has had a baby 13. I saw Jack at a party a fewmonthsago and heseemed fine 7. I didn’tknowwhat Fred isdoing

11. QUESTIONS

12. ACTIVITIES Put these sentences into indirect Speech “What’s your new house like?” he asked them. “May I come in?” the student asked the teacher “What are you reading?” he asked “When will it be ready?” she asked to the dressmaker Tom said “ I insist on listening to this music. It’s much more better” “I’ m the best in the classroom, I can pass any exam” He said “ I can’t help her, I have a lot of work” She said

13. COMMANDS Nota: Cualquier orden pasará a ser infinitivo en Estilo Indirecto, afirmativo “TO…”o negativo “NOT TO…”

14. ACTIVITIES Put these sentences into indirect Speech “Follow that car”, the detective said to the taxi driver. “Don’t let him get away with it” my father said “Read the questions carefully” the teacher said to the pupils  “Don’t do that” the captain said to the soldiers “Eat more fruit and vegetables”, the doctor said “Shut the door but don’t lock it”, she said to us “Read the instructions carefully before you switch on the machine”, he said to me

15. SUGGESTIONS

16. ACTIVITIES Put these sentences into indirect Speech “Shall we go for a walk?” She said “Why don`t we go to the park this afternoon?” My friend said “Let’s revise the unit 4 for the next test” The teacher said

17. Pero no siempre tenemos que cambiar al Estilo Indirecto de forma tan literal Podemos usar otros verbos para introducir la oración indirecta: Por ejemplo: Directo: “¿Quieres un vaso de agua?” Me dijo ella Indirecto: Ella dijo que si quería un vaso de agua o Ella me ofreció un vaso de agua A continuación tenemos una lista de ciertos verbos que se podrían usar en este sentido:

19. PutthesesentencesintoindirectSpeechchangingthereportingverb He said “Don’t walk on the ice, it isn’t safe” Miss Brown, this is Miss White. Miss White, Miss Brown” he said “If I were you I’d pretend to be ill for a fortnight” I said Tom: “I’ll pay” Ann: “Oh no, you mustn’t” Tom: “I insist on paying” “Curse this map! It’s led me wrong again” he said “Could you come to dinner tomorrow night?” he said “Could you show me how to work it? I’m not used to electric typewriters” she said “Hurray, I’ve passed my exam!” he cried “Congratulations!” I said “Do you know that the shoes you are wearing aren’t a pair?” I said. “Yes, but I was in a hurry this morning and these were the only ones I could find” he said “What about going for a swim” he said. “It’s quite fine now” “Ugh! There is a slug in my lettuce. Waiter!” he cried “Naughty boy!” said his mother “you’ve been fighting again”. “But I didn’t start it, mother” said the boy protestingly. “He hit me first”

20. ACTIVITIES Advanced Put the following into the REPORTED SPEECH with the introducing verb in the PAST TENSE. I’m sure we are lost. Run and ask that policeman the way Did you remember to take your medicine before dinner? If not, you’d better take it now Do you want to speak to Nora? I’m afraid she’s out at the moment Will you come here, Mrs Jones? I want you to take down a letter for me What a forgetful creature I am! I’ve forgotten to post your letter Have you got any shampoo? I must wash my hair I’ve just have these shoes made for me. Do you think they’re smart? I wonder who is coming on the excursion tomorrow. I do hope it won’t rain Do as I tell you or you will be punished. I’ll teach you who is master in this house! When you have cleaned the sitting-room, will you please light a fire there? It’s rather chilly today I’m glad I’m found you out, you dirty little thief! Listen! Can you hear someone coming? Please excuse me. I’m too tired to go out tonight Have you ever been to the Lake District? It’s most delightful walking country The lawn-mower is broken again. Go and ask if you can borrow Mr Jennings’s. Are there any ripe blackberries on that bush? If so, we can take some home for a pie That picture is crooked. Would you mind putting it straight? I’m going to the library this morning. Shall I change your books for you? Stop! Wait for me! I won’t be a moment! I’m so sorry! Did I hurt you? I must go home in an hour’s time. I must always be in before night o’clock Make me another suit like this. Don’t forget to put in a good lining. I hope to call for it in a week If you can supply me with this goods, please let me know I’ve always thought your sister was married. I must have confused her with someone else. I must go now, but you must introduce me to her one day How many pieces of watermelon can you eat? What! Only five? What a tiny appetite you have!