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Confined Space and Metro Fire

Confined Space and Metro Fire. Rescue 21 & Engine 21. Rescue 21 Staffing of 4. High angle/low angle rope Building collapse Water Confined space Trench RIC -Rapid Intervention Crew Vehicle Extrication. Engine 21 Staffing of 3. Cross Trained ALS (Paramedic) Hose, Water & pump

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Confined Space and Metro Fire

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  1. Confined Space and Metro Fire Rescue 21 & Engine 21

  2. Rescue 21 Staffing of 4 • High angle/low angle rope • Building collapse • Water • Confined space • Trench • RIC -Rapid Intervention Crew • Vehicle Extrication

  3. Engine 21Staffing of 3 • Cross Trained • ALS (Paramedic) • Hose, Water & pump • General Firefighting

  4. What to expect from Metro Fire • First due engine company • Medic (ambulance) • Battalion Chief • Closet Truck Company • Rescue 21 & Engine 21 • Hazardous Materials unit • Overhead personnel (PIO)

  5. Recognize the Danger: A major cause of confined space injuries/fatalities is the failure to recognize the incident for what it is…. A CONFINED SPACE INCIDENT !

  6. Always keep in mind • The Survival Profile of Victim !!!!! • According to statistic we are going after victims not patients • Provision for non-entry rescue • Every C.S. incident will be investigated by OSHA. • Entry into a C.S. is mission specific

  7. OSHA will be looking for… • The C.S. to determine if it meets the requirements for a Permit Required Confined Space (p.r.s.c.) • Two permits • Training records (authorized) • Provision(s) for non-entry rescue

  8. 3 Most Common OSHA Citations issued in Calif. • Failure to provide hazard(s) communication to rescuers • Failure to provide appropriate equipment • Failure to provide training on equipment

  9. Regulations • AB 111 = negligent supervisor • AB 1127 “The Big One” Jan. 2000 • Title 8 CCR GISO 5156, 5157 & 5158

  10. Assembly Bill 111 One of the first regulatory laws enacted to hold C.S. entrants accountable.

  11. AB 1127 “$$” Enacted in January 2000. Says we show up, allow something to happen, somebody gets injured/killed, we share responsibility. Is Prosecuted as a Felony!!

  12. Title 8 CCR, 5156… Grants an exclusion to • Construction operations • Agricultural operations • Marine terminal operations • Shipyard operations • Telecommunications manholes/Vaults • Grain handling facilities • Natural gas distribution • Electrical utility operations underground vaults

  13. Title 8 CCR, 5157… • Specific requirements on how to enter a Permit Required Confined Space. • Applies to Rescue Companies • Lists the mandatory components • Includes appendices that may be enforceable by OSHA

  14. Title 8 CCR, 5158… • Lists requirements for those 8 industries that are exempted under 5156(b) (2)

  15. A Confined Space is… • An area large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter to perform assigned work and: • Has limited or restricted means for entry/egress and; • Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy

  16. Types of Confined Spaces • Sewers • Railroads Cars • Vaults and pits • Vessels, silos, storage bins • Hoppers, pipelines

  17. Reason for Entering A Confined Space • Cleaning • Inspections • Maintenance • Training • Rescue

  18. A Permit Required Confined Space… • Contains or has the potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere or, • Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant or, • Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could become trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section or, • Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard

  19. Silos -Industrial or Agricultural

  20. Manholes- Sanitary or Storm

  21. What are the Hazards to Rescuers at C.S. incidents? • Atmosphere 65% • Engulfment 13% Bridging • Physical 7% • Corrosive • Biological • Psychological

  22. OSHA Says these are Mandatory Positions • Entry Supervisor • Attendant • Entrant • Back-up entrant

  23. What is an Entry? The action by which a person passes through an opening into a permit required confined space, and includes ensuing work activities in that space Considered to have occurred as soon as any part of the entrants body breaks the plane of an opening into the space

  24. Mandatory Components for a C.S. entry • Written Policy (including Permit) • Lock out/Tag out • Provide rescue/standby • Atmospheric monitoring • Communications • Ventilation (unless it increases hazard) • Retrieval Line (provision for non-entry rescue) • Appropriate harness • Mechanical Advantage if > 5’ fall

  25. Lock Out/Tag Out is…. • Isolation • Purging • Inerting • Ventilation • Barricades • Lock out/tag out

  26. Lock-Out/Tag-Out Kit • Padlocks • Hasps & tags • Plug & valve covers • Chain • Electrical Tester

  27. Reasons for Monitoring • Assess the survival profile of the victim • Atmospheres are the #1 killer of C.S. occupants

  28. Hazardous Atmospheres • Oxygen levels below 19.5% or above 23.5% • Atmosphere at or above 10% of the LEL • Airborne combustible dusts which reduce vision to 5’ or less • Atmosphere with products/vapors at or above their IDLH levels.

  29. What are we monitoring for ? • Oxygen • Flammable/Explosive atmospheres • Selected toxics Usually CO & H2S

  30. Oxygen -Recorded as a % -OSHA says 19.5% - 23.5% is acceptable entry range -Oxygen is always checked first

  31. Flammable or Explosive atmospheres Usually recorded as % LEL. ppm or % gas 10% of the LEL is the upper limit for entry Difference between LEL 100% & vapor 100%

  32. Hydrogen Sulfide H2S Colorless, odor of rotten eggs Destroys olfactory senses Ppm, 10 ppm entry limit

  33. Carbon Monoxide (CO) Colorless, odorless, explosive ppm 25 ppm is limit for entry

  34. How we monitor • Prior to entry (approach monitoring) • Continuously during entry • At 4’ intervals • DOCUMENT

  35. Communications • 5157 states mandatory between Attendant & Entrant • Radio • Hardwired • Rope signals O.A.T.H.

  36. Ventilation • Increases survivability profile - reduces LEL’s to safe levels - temperature conducive for human habitation • Replaces contaminated air Air exchanges • Reduces explosion chances

  37. Retrieval System The equipment including a retrieval line, class III harness, wristlets, if appropriate, (and lifting device) used for non-entry rescue of workers from a permit-required confined space

  38. Mechanical Advantage • Required for vertical C.S. more than 5’ deep • Hand operated, approved winch w/ cable • Rope and pulleys with brake • Not considered the retrieval line

  39. Types of Respiratory Protection • APR - Air Purifying Respirator • SCBA – Self Contained Breathing Apparatus • SAR - Supplied Air Respirator

  40. Recognize exposure to yourself & co-workers • Headache • Dizziness • Nausea • Smell or rotten eggs • Euphoria

  41. Any Questions? Thank you

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