Biomass Gasification and Distributed Power Generation for Sustainable Economic Development of Rural India and Africa

1. Biomass Gasification and Distributed Power GenerationforSustainable Economic DevelopmentofRural India and Africa

2. The Proposed Focus … … • Gasification is being recognized as an attractive technology for Decentralized, Distributed Generation (DDG). • Large scale implementation of Distributed Power Generation Systems of 500 kWe to 2 Mwe. • Preferably connected to tail ends of the rural, 11 KV grids. • Small Power Packs available from 10-kWe onwards for individual Village Electrification.

3. The Biomass Arguement … … (Logistics & Management) • A distributed resource like biomass is best used in distributed manner. • Large capacity plants need to cover larger areas for feedstock. • Are more vulnerable on account of availability and price hikes. • Much smaller radius for biomass collection & transport – minimal use of diesel for biomass transport. • Much smaller water and space requirements as compared to other technologies.

4. The Rural Power Quality Arguement … … • 11 KV grids become net producers of electricity. • This will eliminate load shedding in rural areas, assuring round-the-clock power supply. • Power stability and quality will become comparable to urban / industrial areas. [A real dream come true!]

5. The T&D Losses Arguement … … • E&Y study on behalf of MNRE. • A minimum reduction of close to a million units of losses per MW of installed capacity. • This direct benefit itself is equivalent to about 70 paise (0.1 USD) per kWhr.

6. The Rural Socio-Economic Arguements … • Wealth from Waste. • Large-Scale Employment Generation. • More Equitable distribution of incomes & employment. • Great boost to Rural Entrepreneurship. • Positive Impact on migration to urban areas.

7. Benefits… • Green electricity. • Use the systems to also generate steam, chilling, hot water, hot air. • High PLFs about 80%. • Quick and modular solutions with no pollution. • Generate high energy, high value charcoal & biochar as by-product.

8. The Technology

9. What is Biomass Gasification? Basic Process Chemistry • Conversion of solid fuels into combustible gas mixture called producer gas (CO + H2 + CH4) • Involves partial combustion of biomass • Four distinct process in the gasifier viz. • Drying • Pyrolysis • Combustion • Reduction

10. Gasification – Basic Process Chemistry Schematic

11. Ankur – Gasifiers Product Portfolio The WBG Series:Fuel : Woody Biomass What we Offer The FBG Series:Fuel : Fines (Rice Husk) The Combo Series:Fuel : Both of the above

12. Biomass that can be used… Very wide variety of feedstock can be used with simple processing in terms of sizing and moisture reduction to less than 20%, bulk density of above 100 kgs/m3 & free flowing nature.

13. Ankur – Gasifiers Product Portfolio • WBG Series – • 10 kWe to 2200 kWe. • Thermal output 25,000 – 5,445,000 kCal/hr. • For higher sizes / ratings, multiple systems are recommended. • FBG Series – • 40 kWe to 850 kW. • Uses rice husk mainly as fuel. • Thermal output 100,000 – 2,142,000 kCal/hr • COMBO Series – • 40 kWe to 850 kWe. • Multi Fuel capability (woody & fines, as used in WBG & FBG) • Thermal output 100,000 – 2,142,000 kCal/hr

14. Applications Power Generation Thermal Applications • Hot Air Generators • Dryers • Boilers • Thermic Fluid Heaters • Ovens • Furnaces & Kilns • Irrigation Pumping • Village Electrification • Captive Power (Industries) • Grid-fed Power • Simultaneous Charcoal and • Power Production

15. Environmental Aspects Used in re-circulation mode with zero discharge. Occasional ph adjustment and simple treatment may be needed. Water Package Gasifier does not release gas to the atmosphere. Combustion in user equipments (connected to gasifier) is much cleaner compared to liquid fuels. Air

16. Environmental Aspects(contd.) Charcoal can be sold as fuel. Biological ash can be returned to the soil. Solid Waste Package In case of major user equipment i.e. genset, noise level is lower than with 100% liquid fuels. Noise Biomass materials contain negligible Sulphur

17. Schematic of MWe level Power Plant

18. 1.2 MWe, Grid connected Power Plant using Agri-Residues as Biomass

19. 1.2 MWe, Grid connected Power Plant using Agri-Residues as Biomass • Some details on the Project (First 3-4 months under stabilization): • Biomass used – Cotton / Tur (Pigeon Peas) / Castor Stalks, Corn cobs, • Waste firewood. • Fuel consumption – initially around 1.6 kgs (due to high moisture/monsoon exposure) and now around 1.2 ± 0.1 kgs / kW-hr. • Hours of operations – As per customer demand, can operate for 24 hours • / day. Till date generated more than 1.1 million units. • Power being sold to a Private Industry using the State Utility Grid. • Auxiliary Power Consumption – Around 12%. • Grid Synchronization - Except for initial challenges like local formalities, • documentation and open access, by & large no major issues faced. • Cost benefits – Payback period anticipated around 4-5 years with IRR of • about 20-22%.

20. 500-kWe Power Plant being commissioned in California

21. 700-kWe Power Plant using rice husk in a Rice Mill in Cambodia

22. Rice husk based 350 kWe, Dual Fuel Power Plant in West Bengal, India

23. 250-kWe Power Plant for Captive Use

24. Systems for Village / Rural Electrification

25. What we have done till date… • Installed more than 900 Gasifier systems • In more than 25 different Countries…including… • Senegal, Mozambique, Uganda, Madagascar, Tanzania, Sierra Leone etc. in Africa • Apart from Countries like USA, Chile, Brazil, Guatemala, Colombia, Italy, Germany, Russia, Australia, New Zealand, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Ukraine, Latvia, Poland etc.

26. What we can do for you? • Equipment Sale • Engineering, Procurement & Construction (EPC) • Operation & Management Services • Annual Maintenance Contracts • After Sales Services

27. Thank You