1 / 23

Social Control of Sexuality

Sex as a Business Sexual Coercion Gender and Gender Differences Laws and Social Control of Sex Sex Education Ethics and Religion. Social Control of Sexuality. Ethics and Religion. Ethics: A system of moral principles, a way of deciding what is right and wrong.

bill
Download Presentation

Social Control of Sexuality

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Sex as a Business Sexual Coercion Gender and Gender Differences Laws and Social Control of Sex Sex Education Ethics and Religion Social Control of Sexuality

  2. Ethics and Religion Ethics: • A system of moral principles, a way of deciding what is right and wrong. • Hedonism - belief that the goal of human life is pursuit of pleasure, avoidance of pain and fulfillment of physical needs and desires. • Asceticism - an approach to life emphasizing discipline and impulse control.

  3. Ethics and Religion • Legalism - following a moral law or set of principles. • Situationism - based on human experience, and in matters of sexual morality, tends to focus on relationships rather than rules. • Few ethical systems are purely hedonistic or ascetic or entirely legalistic or situationist - most lie between these extremes.

  4. Ethics and Religion • Classical Greek philosophy - violent passion must be avoided to achieve wisdom and cultivate virtue. • Pederasty - a sexual relationship between an older man and a younger one.

  5. Ethics and Religion • Judaism - sex seen as a deep and intimate part of a relationship between two people. • Hebrew scriptures see sexual behavior as an aspect of national and religious loyalty.

  6. Ethics and Religion • Fertility cult • A form of nature-based religion • Fertility of the soil is encouraged through various forms of ritual magic • Often includes ritual sexual intercourse

  7. Ethics and Religion Christianity: • Dualism - idea that the body and spirit are unalterably separate and opposed to each other. • The goal of life is to become purely spiritual by transcending the physical and material side of life. • Serious Christians revolted against the corrupt and worldly church of the Roman Empire and began to practice forms of self-denial that included celibacy.

  8. Ethics and Religion Christianity: • Jesus urged his followers to strive for ethical perfection, and he spoke against: • Pride • Hypocrisy • Injustice • Misuse of wealth • It is difficult, however, to derive a sexual ethic from the Gospels alone.

  9. Ethics and Religion Christianity: • St. Thomas Aquinas - the basic source of Catholic moral theology. • Protestants - renewed emphasis on individual conscience and ethical decision-making. • Puritanism - emphasized the doctrine of “original sin” and the “total depravity” of fallen humanity.

  10. Ethics and Religion Christianity: • Many scholars see the absoluteness of scriptural norms as: • conditioned by the time and culture in which they were written. • not necessarily binding today. • The religious community also has been influenced by the behavioral sciences • Suggest that sexuality is much more complex than had been thought.

  11. Ethics and Religion Humanism: • A philosophical system which: • Denies a divine origin for morality • Holds that ethical judgments must be made on the basis of human experience and human reason

  12. Ethics and Religion Islam: • Classical Islam values sexuality very positively: • Muhammad saw intercourse in marriage as the highest good in human life. • Islam sanctions polygamy and concubinage. • Sex outside marriage or concubinage is viewed as a sin. • Islamic law encourages contraception.

  13. Ethics and Religion Hinduism: • Varied approaches to sexuality: • The Kama Sutra of Vatsyayana is a masterpiece of erotic hedonism. • The ways of Dharma and Moksha can be as rigorously ascetic as anything in Christianity.

  14. Ethics and Religion Buddhism: • Therevada - includes strict nonindulgence of desires that bring joy. • Mahayana - ethics are more active and directed toward love of others. • Tantric Buddhism - teaches that sexual desire can be overcome while engaging in intercourse.

  15. Ethics and Religion • Moralism - there are clearly and objectively defined standards of right and wrong and a society has a right to insist that its member conform to them, at least outwardly. • Pluralism - truth is to be discovered in the clash of differing opinions and convictions.

  16. Ethics and Religion Sex outside marriage: • Fornication - sex before marriage. • Adultery (extramarital sex) - sex by persons married to others. • Has always been regarded as a grave matter in the Judeo-Christian tradition. • Many contemporary ethicists argue for a more humane approach to those involved.

  17. Ethics and Religion Contraception: • Roman Catholics and Orthodox Jews oppose any “artificial” means of contraception. • Other Jews and most Protestants favor responsible family planning by married couples. • Most ethicists suggest that sexually active unmarried persons ought to be using birth control.

  18. Ethics and Religion Abortion: • One of the most convulsive debates of our time. • Pro-life or antiabortion position - leadership clearly comes from the Roman Catholic Church.

  19. Ethics and Religion Abortion: • Pro-choice position - takes at least 2 forms: • Absolute - pregnancy is solely the concern of a woman. • Modified - suggests there may be many situations in which abortion is the least bad choice. • Therapeutic abortion - termination of pregnancy when life or mental health of the woman is threatened or in cases of trauma, such as incest or rape.

  20. Ethics and Religion Homosexuality: • Religious community has been engaged in vigorous debate on the subject of homosexuality. • Rejectionism- opposes any sexual acts between persons of the same gender. • Modified rejection or qualified acceptance - regards homosexual orientation as morally neutral but rejects homosexual acts.

  21. Ethics and Religion Homosexuality: • A revisionist view of the Bible and church tradition favors full acceptance of lesbian and gay persons. • In 2003, amid much controversy, the Episcopal church approved the consecration of an openly gay priest as bishop. • Several mainline Protestant groups are actively debating and studying the question of same-sex unions.

  22. Ethics and Religion AIDS: • Has raised a host of complex and difficult ethical issues for individuals, religious communities, and society as a whole. • Religious responses range from declaring AIDS to be God’s punishment on sinners to actively organizing to minister to persons with AIDS.

  23. Ethics and Religion Cloning: • Somatic cell nuclear transfer - the technique for cloning • Involves substituting the genetic material from an adult’s cell for the nucleus in an egg. • Therapeutic cloning - creating tissues or cells that are genetically identical to those of a patient, to treat a disease.

More Related