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Skeletal System

Skeletal System. Function of the Skeletal System. Support - framework that supports body and cradles its soft organs Protection - for delicate organs, heart, lungs, brain Movement - bones act as levers for muscles Mineral storage - calcium & phosphate Blood cell formation - hematopoiesis.

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Skeletal System

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  1. Skeletal System

  2. Function of the Skeletal System • Support- framework that supports body and cradles its soft organs • Protection- for delicate organs, heart, lungs, brain • Movement- bones act as levers for muscles • Mineral storage- calcium & phosphate • Blood cell formation- hematopoiesis

  3. Types of Bones • Long Bones- metacarples, metatarsals, phelangies, humerus, ulna, radius, tibia, fibula • Short Bones- carpals, tarsals • Flat Bones- rib, scapula, skull, sternum • Irregular Bones- vertebrae, some facial bones • Sesamoid- patella

  4. Bone Classification

  5. Location Vocabulary • Superior - toward the head • Inferior - away from the head • Anterior - the front of the body or body part • Posterior - the back of the body or body part • Medial - toward the midline that divides left and right • Lateral - to the side away from the midline • Proximal - closer to the torso • Distal - farther away from the torso

  6. Axial Skeleton

  7. Appendicular Skeleton

  8. Axial Skeleton The Vertebral Column Cervical Vertebrae(7) Thoracic Vertebrae(12) Lumbar Vertberae(5)

  9. Axial Skeleton The Thoracic Cage Sternum True Ribs(7) False Ribs(3) Floating Ribs(2)

  10. Appendicular Skeleton Bones of the Pectoral Girdle

  11. Appendicular Skeleton The Upper Limb (Forelimb) Humerus Ulna Radius Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges

  12. Hand Bones

  13. Appendicular Skeleton Pelvic Girdle The Lower Limb (Legs) Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges

  14. Foot phelangies metatarsals tarsals tarsals metatarsals phelangies

  15. Diseases of the Skeletal System: • Osteoporosis- bones become lighter and fracture easier • Factors: • age, gender (more in women) • estrogen and testosterone decrease • insufficient exercise (or too much) • diet poor in Ca++ and protein • abnormal vitamin D receptors • smoking

  16. 29 40 84 92 Osteoporosis

  17. Diseases of the Skeletal System: Rickets- vitamin D deficiency Osteomalacia- soft bones, inadequate mineralization in bones, lack of vitamin D Pagets Disease- spotty weakening in the bones, excessive and abnormal bone remodeling Rheumatoid arthritis- inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues

  18. Model Skeleton • Cut out pieces and glue together • May need to trace and cut out limbs duplicated (Legs, Arms, Hands, Feet…) • Label all the parts from your notes • Personalize: Give him/her name, accessories

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