Direct & Indirect Object Pronouns

1. Direct & Indirect Object Pronouns

2. The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. • Bill hit the ball."Ball" receives the action of the verb "hit." • Sherry reads the book."Book" receives the action of the verb "reads."

3. Often, it is desirable to replace the name of the direct object with a pronoun. • Example 1 • Paul bought the flowers. He took the flowers home and gave the flowers to his wife. • Example 2 • Paul bought the flowers. He took them home and gave them to his wife.

4. Direct Object Pronouns me (me) te (you-familiar) lo, la (him, her, it, you-formal) nos (us) los, las (them, you-all-formal)

5. In sentences with one verb, the direct object pronoun comes immediately before the conjugated verb. • Tengo la pluma. = I have the pen.La tengo. = I have it.

6. If the direct object is a masculine noun, the masculine pronoun must be used. • María tiene el libro. = John has the book.María lo tiene. = John has it. *The masculine pronoun is also used for “it” when the object is not known. Ex: lo creo = I believe it.

7. Likewise, if the direct object of the sentence changes from singular to plural, the plural pronoun must be used. Juan lo tiene. = John has it. • but • María los tiene. = Mary has them

8. Common Error Alert Why is this completely incorrect? I eat it. = Yo como la. Avoid this error by: Learn to translate groups of words instead of individual words.

9. What does each mean? What is a possible word for “it” in each phrase? • la comolo como • la leo lo leo • la veolo veo • la tengolo tengo • la comprolo compro

10. What about when the direct object is a person? • I know you. • Te conozco. • She loves him. • Ella lo ama. • She loves me. • Ella me ama. • Juan sees her. • Juan la ve. • They call us. • Ellos nos llaman. • We call them. • Los llamamos.

11. Practica • 16. ¿Dónde compra Pablo los libros?____________ en la librería. • 17. ¿Conoces la capital de España?Sí, __________________. • 18. ¿Miras las telenovelas?Sí, ___________________. • 19. ¿Dónde estudia Bill el español?____________ en Guatemala. • 20. ¿Comprenden ustedes esta lección?Sí, ___________________.

12. My advice: • Think of the direct object as answering the question "what?" or "whom?" with regard to what the subject of the sentence is doing.

13. Warmup: • What is a direct object? • Can a direct object be a person? • What are the direct objects for each subject? • Where do we place direct objects?

14. This is true in negative statements as well: • Affirmative Sentence - Los compro. (I buy them.) • Negative Sentence - No los compro. (I don't buy them.)

15. Remember, don't try to translate word-for-word. Instead, think in terms of phrases, or concepts. For example: • los compras (you buy them) • no (makes the whole sentence negative)

16. Practice: Negate the sentences and add a direct object pronoun. • Cuando era niña, Angie comía las arañas. • Matthew siempre bailaba el tango. • Jonathan miraba los videos de Indiana Jones. • Elizabeth nadaba el estilo libre. • Shannon miraba el programa de “Saludo tus pantalones Cortos” • Taylor tocaba el clarinete, la flouta, y la trompeta. • Jay robaba los teléfonos celulares

17. Ann decoraba el árbol de la navidad. • Rae miraba los Gamecocks. • Marisa dio un discurso en el debate. • Dakota ganó el partido de lacrosse.

18. More practice • 1. I love him.2. I don't love him.3. I know them. (Juan and Maria)4. I don't know them. (Juan and Maria)5. Juan knows me. • 6. Juan doesn't know me.7. He buys the magazines.8. He doesn't buy the magazines.9. They see Maria. • 10. They don't see Maria. • 11. I know you. • 12. I don't know you.

19. When a sentence has two verbs, the first verb is conjugated and the second verb remains in the infinitive form. • Puedo correr un maratón.I can run a marathon. • Mis alumnos prefieren hablar el español.My students prefer to speak Spanish.

20. In sentences with two verbs, there are two options regarding the placement of the direct object pronoun. 1) Place it immediately before the conjugated verb. 2) Attach it directly to the infinitive. • Puedo correr un maratón.I can run a marathon. • Mis alumnos prefieren hablar el español.My students prefer to speak Spanish.

21. Tell me two ways to say each statement: • I want to see it. (una película) • We should buy it. (una computadora) • Mary should visit us. • John needs to wash it. (su coche)

22. Survey Activity What direct object will you use when your question has a proper noun like an IPOD? Sample Questions: ¿Llenaste tu coche con gasolina el fin de semana pasada? ¿Llevaste un disfraz (costume) para Halloween? ¿Cantas canciones cuando tomas una ducha? Cuando eras niño/niña, ¿Compartías (did you share) tus meriendas (snacks) con tus amigos?

23. Translate to Spanish I love you! She knows us We saw it (la película) I can run it (un maratón). He sees them (Juan and Maria) Translate to English Te conozco Nos ven Los llamamos No puedo verla (la pizarra) Ella necesita tomarlo (el examen) Direct Object Quiz

24. Indirect Objects • Indirect Objects tell us where the direct object is going: • He gives the book to María.DO=Book • Where is the book going?To María. • IO=María • He gives María the book.DO=Book • Where is the book going?To María. • IO=María

25. Do sentence with indirect objects usually have direct objects? Yes, the IO tells us where the DO is going. Notice how the sentences below just wouldn't work without a direct object. • He gives María . . .the book, the pen, the diamond, etc. • He buys me . . .flowers, candy, pizza, etc.

26. DIRECT OBJECT Directly receives the action of the verb anwers the question "what?" or "whom?" with regard to what the subject of the sentence is doing. INDIRECT OBJECT tells us where the DO is going. answers the question "to whom?" or "for whom" the action of the verb is performed. Review

27. Indirect Object Pronouns • me (me)te (you-familiar)le (him, her, you-formal) nos (us)les (them, you-all-formal) Why is the direct object pronoun lo or la and the indirect object pronoun le or les?

28. In sentences with one verb the indirect object pronoun comes right before the conjugated verb: • Juan me compra un regalo.John buys me a gift.John buys a gift for me. • Juan te compra un regalo. • Juan le compra un regalo. • Juan nos compra un regalo. • Juan les compra un regalo.

29. Just like direct object pronouns you must learn to translate in phrases and not words. Word-for-word: Juan me compra un regalo.John for me he buys a gift. Phrase-by-phrase: John buys me a gift.

30. Me compra Te compra Le compra Nos compra Les compra Me compro Me compras Me compra Me compramos Me compran Practica: Translate each to English, assume they are indirect object pronouns

31. DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUN Lo – a male, or a masculine object La – a female, or a feminine object Translate: Ella lo ama. INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUN Le – a male or a female Translate: Ella le escribe una carta. Let’s take a closer look at the third person forms

32. Since le and les can mean more than one thing, a prepositional phrase is often added to remove the ambiguity. • Ella le escribe a Juan una carta.Ella le escribe a su hermana una carta.Ella le escribe a usted una carta. • Ella les escribe a sus padres una carta.Ella les escribe a ustedes una carta. • In other forms, prepositional phrases can be added for emphasis: Ella me da a mí el dinero.

33. Practice: Lets begin with English • He gave her the ring. • 1. DO= • 2. IO= • He sang them a song. • 3. DO= • 4. IO= • Give the girl an ice-cream. • 5. DO= • 6. IO=

34. Juan compra flores para ella.Juan _____compra flores El mesero da el menú a ellos.El mesero _____da el menú Ellos dan una propina a mí. Ellos ____ dan una propina. Compro el libro para ti.____ compro el libro.

35. Model: • he gives her (dar)él le da 1. we give them (masculine). • She gives us. • They (masculine) give us. • They (feminine) give her. • You all give me. • Shannon buys me a sleeping bag. • They buy you a water bottle. • We tell them the truth. • Susana writes them a letter.

36. We place indirect objects directly infront of conjugated verbs in negative statements as well: • Él no me compra nada. • Ella no te trae el desayuno. • No le mando a él la cuenta. • Ellos no nos compran ningún regalo. What would the affirmative versions of these sentences look like?

37. What do you think happens to the pronoun when there is more than one verb in the sentence? There are two options regarding the placement of the indirect object pronoun. 1) Place it immediately before the conjugated verb 2) Attach it directly to the infinitive What is the difference between:Me necesitas dar un regalo. Necesitas darme un regalo.

38. Warmup Review 11-17 • What is an indirect object? • What question does it answer? • Where does it go? • What are the pronouns? What pronouns do we have to clarify?

39. Ellos me los dan.They give them to me.IO pronoun: • DO pronoun: Ella te la vende.She sells it to you.IO pronoun: • DO pronoun:

41. Powerpoint practice

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43. Warmup: Shorten these sentences • 1. La madre le lee el libro al niño. • 2. Marta te enseña las fotos. • 3. Sara les vende la moto a sus amigos. • 4. Ella nos sirve unas gambas. • 5. Sofía me compra unos sellos. • 6. Lola les pide a Uds. un favor grande. • 7. Tú y yo le damos cien dólares a Luis • 8. Tu padre te paga las cuentas. • 9. Ellos nos dicen un chiste bueno. • 10. Mis tíos me muestran una foto.

44. Direct & Indirect Objects Combined • Indirect Object always comes first Ellos me los dan Ella te la vende. • Whenever both pronouns begin with the letter "l" change the first pronoun to "se." • le lo = se lole la = se lale los = se losle las = se lasles lo = se loles la = se lales los = se losles las = se las Does your direct object ever change?

45. This is to avoid tongue twisters • Le las vs. se las

46. Negating • In negative sentences, the negative word comes directly before the first pronoun. Translate: • No se lo tengo. • Nunca se los compro. Is it difficult to translate?

47. The pronoun se can be very vague, we must clarify: • Él se lo dice. • Él se lo dice a María. • Él se lo dice a ella.

48. Where do you think we place the pronouns in sentences with 2 verbs? • Place them immediately before the conjugated verb • Attach them to the infinitive Ella me lo debe explicar. Ella debe explicármelo. Te lo quiero decir. Quiero decírtelo. Se la necesitas enviar a ellos. Necesitas enviársela a ellos.

49. WRITE THIS DOWN! • When attaching two pronouns to the infinitive, a written accent is added to the final syllable of the infinitive - What is always the final syllable of the infinitive?

50. 1. I see her in the market.Yo ( la, le ) veo en el mercado. • 2. She sends him a letterElla ( lo, le ) manda una carta . • 3. Ann loves him madly.Ann ( lo, le ) quiere locamente. • 4. We hear her well. Nosotros ( la, le ) oímos bien. • 5. You give him a kiss.Tú ( lo, le ) das un beso.