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RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES

RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES. An Introduction. Nose/mouth – pharynx/oropharynx – Larynx – Trachea – Bronchi – Bronchioles – Lungs- Alveoli .

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RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES

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  1. RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES An Introduction

  2. Nose/mouth – pharynx/oropharynx – Larynx – Trachea – Bronchi – Bronchioles – Lungs- Alveoli

  3. The intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contract, increasing the size of the thoracic cavity. The diaphragm moves slightly downward, the ribs move upward/outward and air flows into the lungs Inhalation Exhalation is the reverse ALL IS NORMAL BASED ON………

  4. Tidal Volume The amount of air moved into or out of the lungs in a single breath Normal is 500 ml

  5. Minute Volume The amount of air moved in or out of the lungs in one minute minus dead space mV= RR x vT – dead space (150) ml

  6. Normal Minute Volume 12bpm x 500 mL – 150 mL/bpm dead space= 5850mL/minute

  7. Rate Rhythm Quality Depth 12-20 regular breath adequate sounds Skin is warm/pink/dry

  8. INADEQUATE BREATHING • Respiratory Distress • Respiratory Failure • Respiratory Arrest

  9. Inadequate Breathing Defined

  10. Signs of Inadequate Breathing

  11. Respiratory Distress

  12. Respiratory Failure

  13. Respiratory Arrest

  14. Patient Assessment Rate Rhythm Quality 12-20 Regular Depth (minute volume) None Too Fast Too Slow

  15. Oxygen Therapy Nasal Canulae Non-Rebreather

  16. Oxygen Therapy (administration) Examples requiring O2 administration: • Respiratory or cardiac arrest • Heart attack • Stroke • Shock • Blood loss • Lung disease • Broken bones • Head injuries

  17. Hypoxia Deprivation of adequate supply of oxygen

  18. Breathing Difficulties Signs and Symptoms • Shortness of breath • Tightness in the chest • Restlessness • Increased pulse rate • Decreased pulse rate (especially in infants and children) • Changes in breathing rate/rhythm

  19. Pale, cyanotic or flushed skin • Noisy breathing • Inability to speak in full sentences • Use of accessory muscles • Retractions • AMS • Coughing • Flared nostrils; pursed lips • Positioning • Barrel chest

  20. Respiratory Conditions • COPD Emphysema Chronic Bronchitis Black Lung • CHF Hypoxic Drive NEVER WITHHOLD OXYGEN

  21. Airway Management and Ventilation Respiratory Failure; Respiratory Arrest • Rescue Breathing • Mouth-Mask • BVM • Airway Adjunct • Suctioning

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