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Lesson 5 Early Religions in Africa and the West

Title. Lesson 5 Early Religions in Africa and the West. Polytheism. Worshiping many gods. كثيرة. آلهة. عبادة. Afterlife. Life after death. الآخرة. Mummy. A body that has been dried so it won't decay. الاضمحلال. لذلك لن. تجفيفها. التي تم. هيئة. Egyptian Afterlife.

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Lesson 5 Early Religions in Africa and the West

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  1. Title Lesson 5Early Religions in Africa and the West

  2. Polytheism • Worshiping many gods كثيرة آلهة عبادة

  3. Afterlife • Life after death الآخرة

  4. Mummy • A body that has been dried so it won't decay الاضمحلال لذلك لن تجفيفها التي تم هيئة

  5. Egyptian Afterlife • Believed bodies would be used in afterlife • Everyday items and food buried with the dead because these items would be needed in the afterlife

  6. Important Egyptian Godsالآلهة المصرية الهامة • Re • Osiris • Isis • Anubis • Ptah

  7. Re • God of the sun

  8. Osiris • God who judged Egyptians after death

  9. Isis • The goddess of birth

  10. Anubis • God of the dead

  11. Ptah • God of craftspeople

  12. Craftspeople • People who make objects such as furniture, pottery, and tools الناس الذين يصنعون الأشياء مثل الأثاث، والفخار، وأدوات

  13. Origins of Judaism • Judaism began in ancient Mesopotamia بدأت اليهودية في بلاد ما بين النهرين القديمة

  14. Hebrews • A Mesopotamian group of herders and farmers (2000 B.C.E) مجموعة بلاد ما بين النهرين من الرعاة والمزارعين

  15. Torah • The first five books of the Hebrew bible الكتب الخمسة الأولى من الكتاب المقدس العبرية

  16. Abraham • The father of the Hebrews إبراهيم، والد العبرانيين

  17. According to the Torah, God promised the land of Canaan to Abraham and his people • Abraham led his people to “the Promised Land” of Canaan

  18. Israelites • The Hebrews in Canaan became known as the Israelites أصبح العبرانيين في كنعان المعروفة باسم إسرائيل

  19. Famine • Not enough food لا ما يكفي من الغذاء

  20. Around 1300 B.C.E, there was a famine in Canaan • The starving Israelites went to Egypt

  21. Enslaved • Took away someone's freedom شخص ما اخذ الحرية

  22. When the Israelites arrived in Egypt, the Egyptians enslaved them

  23. Moses • Leader who led the Israelites out of Egypt موسى، زعيم الذي قاد إسرائيل من مصر

  24. Exodus • The Israelites journey from Egypt هجرة بني اسرائيل من مصر

  25. Exodus • The Egyptian king sent his army to make Moses and his return to Egypt • According to tradition, God parted the Red Sea for Moses and his people to cross, but drowned the Egyptians in it

  26. The Ten Commandments • According to the Torah, the ten laws given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai وفقا للتوراة، وعشرة قوانين التي قدمها الله لموسى

  27. Covenant • An agreement اتفاق

  28. First Commandment • First commandment said that the Hebrews could worship only one God • When Moses made a covenant with God, he established a new religion

  29. Judaism • The religion of the Jewish people الدين للشعب اليهودي

  30. Israel • The ancient kingdom of the Israelites المملكة القديمة من بني اسرائيل

  31. Judaism Influences Western Civilization • Jewish culture and influence began to spread

  32. Principles • Rules or beliefs قواعد أو المعتقدات

  33. Torah • The Torah became central to Jewish life • It provided History Laws Beliefs Principles Rules

  34. Rituals • Religious ceremonies الاحتفالات الدينية

  35. Monotheism • Belief in one, all-powerful God الإيمان بالله كل واحد قوي

  36. Prior to the Torah, people had believed in many gods • The Torah helped spread the belief in one all powerful God

  37. Philistines • Invaders who attacked Israel الغزاة الذين هاجموا إسرائيل

  38. Facing Challenges • 1029 B.C.E Philistines came from Philistia to attack Israel • Later Israelite leaders disagreements caused problems • 922 B.C.E Israel split into two kingdoms, Israel and Judah

  39. Babylonians Invade • 597 B.C.E. Babylon invaded Jerusalem • Destroy Israelites' Temple • Enslaved Israelites • Took them to Babylon • Israelites became known as Jews

  40. Jews • The new name of the Israelites الاسم الجديد لإسرائيل

  41. King Cyrus II • Captured Babylon • Freed Jews • Many Jews returned to Jerusalem and rebuilt temple

  42. Prophets and the Messiah • Prophets were spiritual leaders who predicted the future كانوا أنبياء الزعماء الروحيين الذي توقع المستقبل

  43. Messiah • A king the prophets believed would come to rule the Jews ومن شأن الملك الأنبياء يعتقد يأتي لحكم اليهود

  44. Origins of Christianity • A second monotheistic religion begins in Palestine

  45. Christianity • Religion based on Jewish ideas and the teachings of Jesus الدين القائمة على الأفكار اليهودية وتعاليم يسوع

  46. Jesus • A Jewish teacher who developed the ideas on which Christianity is based المعلم اليهودي الذي طور الأفكار التي يستند المسيحية

  47. Jesus • Born when Romans ruled Judea • Story told in the Gospels 4 books written after Jesus' death by his disciples

  48. Disciples • Followers of Jesus أتباع يسوع

  49. Disciples who wrote the Gospel • Mathew • Mark • Luke • John

  50. Jesus • According to the Gospels, Jesus - taught that the kingdom of God was coming - performed miracles

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