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Ch. 3 Study Guide . Minerals . 1. Describe minerals: Rocks are made of minerals. Minerals are not made of rocks. . 2. What are the important factors in the formation of minerals ? Heat, volcanic activity, ground water .
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Ch. 3 Study Guide Minerals
1. Describe minerals: • Rocks are made of minerals. Minerals are not made of rocks.
2. What are the important factors in the formation of minerals? • Heat, volcanic activity, ground water
3. On Mohs' hardness scale, what minerals are harder than quartz? • Topaz, corundum, diamond.
4. A mineral's streak is more reliable than a mineral’s ___________ when identifying a mineral. • Color
5. Halite is a(n) _________________ of sodium and chlorine • Compound
6. The two most common elements in the Earth's crust are _______________. • Silicon and oxygen
7. ______________ minerals make up less than ten percent of the Earth's crust. • Non-silicate
8. When quartz breaks it forms a curved pattern called _________. • Conchoidal Fracture
9. ____________ minerals are the most common silicate mineral group in the Earth's crust. • Feldspar
10. ___________ minerals contain the elements silicon and oxygen along with aluminum, potassium, sodium, and calcium. • Silicates
11. NaClis the chemical formula for which of which mineral? • Halite
12. List the types of surface mines. • Open pit, strip mine, quarry
13. Gold, silver, and copper are all examples of _________________. • Native elements
14. Non-silicate minerals do not contain combinations of __________ and __________. • Silicon and Oxygen
15 .What terms can be used to describe the nonmetallic luster of a mineral? • Resinous, waxy, vitreous
16. Minerals that contain combinations of carbon and oxygen in their chemical structure are called __________. • Carbonates
17. ________________ are compounds that form when an element, such as aluminum or iron, combines chemically with oxygen. • Oxides
18. _______________ are compounds that form when atoms of the elements fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), iodine (I), or bromine (Br) combine with sodium (Na), potassium (K), or calcium (Ca). • Halides
19. List the types of deep mines. • Shaft, slope, drift
20. If the atoms of a substance are arranged in a specific, repetitive pattern, the substance is _______________. • Crystalline
21. Some minerals have special properties that help us to identify them. What are some of these special properties? • Magnetism, taste, radioactivity, fluorescence.