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Two Superpowers Face Off. The Start of the Cold War 1945-1990. The Victorious Allies! (1945). U.S. Army marched east Russian Army marched west They meet in Germany as friends They had defeated a common enemy. YALTA Conference [Feb 1945].
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Two Superpowers Face Off The Start of the Cold War 1945-1990
The Victorious Allies! (1945) • U.S. Army marched east • Russian Army marched west • They meet in Germany as friends • They had defeated a common enemy
YALTA Conference [Feb 1945] Churchill Roosevelt Stalin
Yalta Conference[Feb 1945] • “Big Three” agree to divide Germany into zones of occupation • Stalin: • promised “free” elections for eastern countries • Agreed to join war against Japan
U.S.ASoviet Union • Deaths: 400,000 25,000,000 • Damage: little/no Cities destroyed • GOALS: • Political-Democracy Communism • Germany- Unite Germany Keep it divided • Europe- Rebuild it Control Eastern Europe
Potsdam July 1945 • FDR died in April 1945 • Truman, Churchill, Stalin • Truman pushed for FREE elections in Eastern Europe
A Wall of Satellite Nations • Stalin ignores agreement at Yalta • No free elections are held • Communist Governments are forced in place in 7 countries. • Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Poland, and Yugoslavia
East and West are Divided • Stalin claims: [Jan 1946] • “Communism and Capitalism could not exist in same world. War was inevitable” • Churchill claims[March 1946] • “An IRON CURTAIN has descended across the continent…..all are subject….to an increasing measure of Soviet control.”