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Muscles of the upper extremity

Muscles of the upper extremity. Upper limb musculature. Scapula Muscles. If the origin is on the scapula – moves the arm Subscapularis Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi (partial attachment) Coracobrachialis. Rotator Cuff. pg 656. Scapula Muscles.

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Muscles of the upper extremity

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  1. Muscles of the upper extremity

  2. Upper limbmusculature

  3. Scapula Muscles If the origin is on the scapula – moves the arm Subscapularis Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi (partial attachment) Coracobrachialis Rotator Cuff pg 656

  4. Scapula Muscles If the insertion is on the scapula – moves the scapula Rhomboids Trapezius Pectoralis Minor Serratus Ventralis Levator Scapulae Use location of Insertion to determine movement!! pg 656

  5. Arm Muscles Arm Compartments Anterior Compartment (3 muscles) Flexors of forearm and arm Posterior Compartment (1 muscle) Extensor of forearm and arm pg 667 Remember: If you cross the shoulder, you move the arm; if you cross the elbow, you move the forearm

  6. Arm Muscles Anterior compartment Brachialis Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii Long head Short head pg 718 pg 715

  7. Arm Muscles Posterior compartment Triceps brachii Long head Medial head Lateral head pg 717

  8. Muscles of Arm

  9. Forearm Muscles Cross elbow, wrist and finger joints Movement of hand and fingers Proximally are fleshy Distally have long tendons Flexor and extensor retinacula “wristbands” Keep tendons from jumping outwards when tensed pg 738

  10. Forearm Muscles Anterior compartment Superficial and Deep layers Flexors of hand and fingers Most flexors have common origin on medial epicondyle Contains 2 pronator muscles Posterior compartment Superficial and Deep layers Extensors of hand and fingers Most extensors have common origin on lateral epicondyle Contains a supinator muscle pg 732

  11. Anterior Compartment of Forearm MusclesNerves Superficial Flexor digitorum superficialis Median Flexor carpi radialis Median Pronator teres Median Palmaris longus Median Flexor carpi ulnaris Ulnar Deep Pronator quadratus Median Flexor pollicis longus Median Flexor digitorum profundusUlnar (med 1/2) Median (lat 1/2) pg 738, 740

  12. Posterior Compartment of Forearm MusclesNerves Superficial Brachioradialis Radial Anconeus Radial Extensor carpi radialis longus & brevis Radial Extensor digitorum Radial Extensor carpi ulnaris Radial Extensor digiti minimi Radial Deep Supinator Radial Abductor pollicis longus Radial Extensor pollicis longus + brevis Radial Extensor indicus Radial pg 746

  13. Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand MuscleNerve Pinky = Hypothenar muscles All digiti minimi Ulnar (Flexor, Abductor, Opponens) Thumb = Thenar muscles Abductor pollicis brevis Median Flexor pollicis brevis Median Opponens pollicis Median Adductor pollicis Ulnar Other Intrinsic Muscles Palmar + Dorsal Interossei Ulnar Lumbricals Median, Ulnar

  14. Elevators Deltoideus Origin: Lateral half of clavicle , Scapular spine, acromion process Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: Abducts humerus (also flexes, extends, rotates and adducts) Innervation:Axillary nerve

  15. Deltoid

  16. What You Should Know • 3: UPPER LIMB COMPLICATIONS • Origin, insertion, innervation and action of the following (Cartmill pages 224-230) • Trapezius • Serratus anterior • Levator scapulae • Rhomboid major • Rhomboid minor • Latissimus Dorsi • Pectoralis Major (Sternal, Clavicular) and Minor

  17. What You Should Know 4. THE SHOULDER Cartmill pages 231-237 Origin, insertion, innervation and action of the following: Teres Major Subscapularis Teres minor Deltoid Pectoralis Major Supraspinatus Infraspinatus

  18. Musculature Crossing the Elbow Joint

  19. Muscles moving the elbow all cross the joint and insert on the bones of the forearm. They may originate from the scapula or the brachium (humerus).

  20. Which muscle is NOT a flexor of the elbow? D C A Answer =A Coracobrachialis B

  21. The Coracobrachialis makes up part of the mass of the upper arm but doesn’t actually cross the joint (scapula to humerus only).

  22. Origin: coracoid process Insertion: Humerus Flexion and adduction of humerus. Musculocutaneous nerve

  23. Elbow extensors Triceps brachii (Radial Nerve)

  24. Cranial/dorsal Triceps = Quadriceps

  25. Origin: Long Head: Glenoid Fossa Medial & Lateral Heads: Posterior surface of humeral shaft Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna Action: Extends elbow

  26. Triceps Long Head Triceps, Lateral Head

  27. Elbow flexors Brachii (brachial group) (Here, spelling counts…)

  28. Caudal/ventral Hamstrings = brachii

  29. Biceps brachii (musculocutaneous n.) Origin: Short head: coracoid process Long head; glenoid fossa Insertion: Proximal radius Action: Flexes elbow supinates

  30. Brachialis (musculocutaneous n.) Origin: Humeral shaft Insertion Proximal ulna Action: flexes elbow

  31. Corcobrachialis Brachialis Biceps

  32. Brachioradialis (Radial n.* exception) Origin: distal humerus Insertion: Styloid process of ulna Action: Flexes elbow

  33. Brachioradialis Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

  34. FLEXORS of the Wrist

  35. Caudal/ventral Flexors = Flexors

  36. Superficial Layer Flexor carpi radialis Median n. Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals Action: Flexes wrist; abducts hand

  37. Superficial Layer Palmaris longus Median n. Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis Action: Flexes wrist

  38. Superficial Layer Flexor carpi ulnaris Ulnar n. Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Pisiform and base of 5th metacarpal Action: Flexes wrist; adducts hand

  39. Intermediate Layer Flexor digitorum superficialis Median n Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Middle phalanges of fingers 2-5 Action: Flexes wrist and middle phalanges

  40. Deep Layer Flexor pollicis longus Median n Origin: Anterior surface of radius Insertion: Distal phalanx of thumb Action: Flexes distal phalanx of thumb

  41. Deep Layer Flexor digitorum profundus Median n Origin: Anteromedial surface ulna Insertion: Distal phalanges of fingers 2-5 Action: Flexes distal phalanges

  42. Brachioradialis Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

  43. EXTENSORS of the Wrist

  44. Caudal/dorsal Extensors = Extensors

  45. Superficial Extensor carpi radialis brevis Radial n. Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of 3rd metacarpal Action: Extends and abducts wrist

  46. Superficial Extensor digitorum minimi Radial n. Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Distal phalange of little finger Action: Extends little finger

  47. Superficial Extensor digitorum Radial n. Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Distal phalange of fingers 2-4 Action: Extends fingers and wrist; abduct fingers

  48. Extensor Carpi Ularis Extensor Indicis Extensor Digitorum Superficialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Abductor Pollicis Longus Extensor Retinaculum

  49. Deep Extensor indices Radial n. Origin: Posterior surface of distal ulna Insertion: Extensor expansion of index finger Action: Extends index finger

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