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Residential Ethernet Overview

Residential Ethernet Overview. Michael Johas Teener Plumblinks mike@plumblinks.com. Digital Home Media Distribution. What is the problem in Home CE Network?. The lack of standard interface that is all things to all people Firewire/1394 has limited reach (1394c does but has other issues).

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Residential Ethernet Overview

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  1. Residential Ethernet Overview Michael Johas Teener Plumblinks mike@plumblinks.com

  2. Digital Home Media Distribution

  3. What is the problem in Home CE Network? • The lack of standard interface that is all things to all people • Firewire/1394 has limited reach (1394c does but has other issues). • Ethernet and Ethernet Switches does not support isochronous connections • Without standard, CE devices needs more connectors, not fewer. • The next generation contents are all digital and DRM-enabled. • ISP needs compatible service class mapping to home • Broadband delivery of the digital contents over Cable, xDSL, Satellite, needs an interface that guarantees the quality of experience.

  4. What are the residential challenges? • Wiring – distribution Medium • Existing Wiring & Wireless • Phone (old and Cat 5), Coax (CATV), Powerline, Wireless • HomePNA & Ethernet , MoCA, HomePlug, WiFi & UWB • Regional Differences - Asia, North America, Europe • Cost – zero incremental cost over time • Reduce the # of connector types, leverage volume • Configuration Ease – no new configuration. • uPnP, intelligent defaults, transparent (to the user) DRM.

  5. What are the possible solutions? • Wired • Ethernet FE and GE – Works, but if there are no other traffic and over-provisioned. • Residential Ethernet – add isochronous support so that it works. • Firewire/1394a – works, but limited reach. 1394c requires GigE PHY’s • USB – Master/Slave peripheral connection, short reach. Not fit for multi-point. • MoCA – proprietary protocol over RG59 coax – medium-high cost. • HomePlug – proprietary protocol over power line – high cost • Wireless • 802.11a/b/g – 802.11e makes it work. Not ready for multiple HD contents. • 802.11n – Sufficient bandwidth, longer reach. Best solution for wireless. • UWB – Suffers from short reach (see 1394/USB). “wireless 1394/USB” Best of the class solutions. The rest are supplementary technologies

  6. Why Residential Ethernet? • Ethernet is already the grand unifier in all other technologies • WiFi, HomePlug, MoCA, HomePNA, all terminate to an Ethernet port. • High-end media devices already has Ethernet. • Enable these Ethernet interfaces with synchronous service class • Wired + Wireless solution required. • Reliable guaranteed services are only available over wire. • All wireless benefits and suffers from coverage • 802.11n increases range by 2X or more, but • Its bandwidth affected by interferences (other wireless & the neighbors’) • Residential Ethernet MAC, once done, provides all future Ethernet interface with isochronous services. • Ethernet Volume • Power over Ethernet Option • Ethernet Roadmap (10/100/1000/10G, PoE Plus, MAC Security, etc.) • But Cat 5 is not installed in every home. • Residential Ethernet is adoptable to other medium (at higher cost). • Good reason that the solution must include wireless option. • Much of Asia and new homes in N America do have Cat 5.

  7. What are CE Technical Challenges? • Audio-Video Sync to multiple devices • Low-latency for interactive • Low Cost • Plug & Play • really!

  8. Residential Ethernet Technical Overview Michael Johas TeenerPlumblinks mike@plumblinks.com

  9. Technical Challenges and Solutions • Bounded Jitter (multi-room Video/Audio sync) • End-point synchronization • Bounded Latency (real-time apps). • Interactive Voice and Video over IP • Audio JAM session • Control/Mgmt (channel/volume selection) • Guaranteed session bandwidth • QoS/CoS, over-provisioned BW does NOT do this. • IEEE 1394 mechanisms work well and adoptable to Res Ethernet.

  10. IEEE 802.3 Residential Ethernet Study Group Status • Call for Interest in July 2004 • Overwhelming support for Residential Ethernet Work • Interest vote result: 30+ companies 80+ individuals • Held two meetings, September and November. • Next meeting in January 2004, the week of 23rd. • Study Group Charter is to justify new standard not writing the standard, but • Two workable proposals on the table • Both would meet the requirements • Both are compatible with IEEE 1394 (Firewire) services. • One leverages from commodity Ethernet switches • Link: http://www.ieee802.org/3/re_study

  11. Proposal 1: Spyder LAN • Introduces real-time data distribution function overlay in Ethernet Switches • Looks more like Ethernet Repeater than Switch • TDM service similar to IEEE1394 and IEEE 802.3af EFM’s EPON • Synchronous traffic serviced via network admission control.

  12. Proposal 2: Modified Ethernet Switch • Introduces real-time traffic queue in Ethernet Switch • Adds time-sync aware scheduler in addition to CoS/QoS aware scheduler. • Backward compatible to any installed Ethernet Switch • Small cost adder to Ethernet Switch. • Only solution that offers commodity silicon and adoption upon introduction. Simplified Ethernet Switch Block Diagram

  13. Common Solutions • Clock Synchronization • Adopt 802.1D STP-like master selection (based on MAC & Device Class) • 8 KHz clock sync, and 64 bit resolution (like 1394) • Link PnP • Adopt 802.3 auto-negotiation. Need to add ResE to the selection code. • Device PnP • Adopt 802.1ab LLDP protocol (MAC/Link Discovery Protocol) as is. • Synchronous Control Protocol • Adopt 802.1 GARP (Generic Attribute Registration –widely used for VLAN registration in form of GVRP) • Path BW reservation • Multicast/Broadcast group and path control could use GMRP as is. Very few new protocols need to be invented!

  14. Res Ethernet End-Point Model • Choose the most compatible interface model to existing drivers. • Sensible to support both models to minimize time to market. Unified Res Ethernet Driver Synchronous Driver e.g. ResE, 1394 Ethernet Driver ResE support above the MAC ResE support at the MAC

  15. Call for Action • Residential Ethernet is a study group, and will to transition to a task force soon • Your participation is appreciated • Will require updates to 802 architecture • 802.1D updates for isochronous routing/admission control • Best if updates are useful for 802.11 and 802.15 as well • Want to allow all QoS capabilities preserved as data moves through Ethernet backbone! • Need to start working on harmonization ASAP!

  16. Backup Slides Many slides and content lifted from Residential Ethernet Study GroupPresentations

  17. Clock Synchronization

  18. Bursting causes jitter rx01 kHz rx11 kHz rx21 kHz rx38 kHz tx4 time delay

  19. Bunching causes jitter rx0 time rx1 time rx2 time rx3 time tx4 time delay

  20. Bridge re-clocking bounds jitter bridge receive cycle-stamp (etc.) cycleCount isochronous high … gate transmit asynchronous low …

  21. Synchronized reception/presentation clockB clockC clockA No long-term drift: clockA, clockB, clockCClock jitter: sub nanosecond (after PLL)

  22. Synchronization services for client • Clock synchronization direction control • From/to network • Clock to network • Clock from network • Higher level scheduling of services • Need to know current time to know when in the future an event can be scheduled • Time stamping of streaming data

  23. Synchronization in bridge • Protocol to select master clock in network • if no bridge, just uses “highest” MAC address • Accept clock from port connected to network master • Forward clock to other ports • Re-use 802.1 STP precedence to select clock source.

  24. Admission Control

  25. Admission controls for client • Request channel number • Multicast address to use as DA • Release channel number • Request bandwidth from path to talker • Bytes/cycle … makes reservation in output queue of talker (and all output queues in path from talker) • Talker address is channel (multicast address) • Release bandwidth from path to talker • Accept bandwidth request from listener • Bytes/cycle … makes reservation in output queue of self, if no resources, tags request • Respond to bandwidth request from listener • Sent to listener that made request • Accept bandwidth response from talker • Release local bandwidth reservation

  26. Admission controls in bridge • Allocate channel using GMRP • Forward bandwidth requests to talker if first request • respond directly without forwarding if already routing channel • Forward bandwidth responses to listener

  27. Isochronous transport • Request transmit of isochronous packet • DA, SA, data, cycle “n” • Receive isochronous packet • DA, SA, data, cycle “n”

  28. Clock Synchronization

  29. Adjacent-station synchronization Timing snapshots Station B Station A local offset local offset (t1) (t3) add add global global (t4) (t2)

  30. Adjacent-station synchronization Snapshot value distribution Station B Station A local offset local offset (t1, t4-t2) (t1) (t3) add add (t2, t3-t1) global global (t4) (t2)

  31. Adjacent-station synchronization • clockDelta = ((t3 – t1) – (t4 – t2)) / 2; • cableDelay = ((t3 – t1) + (t4 – t2)) / 2; • offsetB = offsetA – clockDelta; Offset value adjustments Station B Station A local offset local offset (t1, t4-t2) (t1) (t3) add add (t2, t3-t1) global global (t4) (t2)

  32. clockSync … 125ms … Adjacent station synchronization Station B Station A local offset local offset add add 8 kHz global global

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