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Advanced Scan Tool Diagnostics Steve Zack Jim Wilson

Advanced Scan Tool Diagnostics Steve Zack Jim Wilson. CAN Controller Area Network. Controller Area Network. Primary purpose is to network vehicle control module using a Standard protocol Reduces redundant sensors and or wiring (multiplexing) reducing weight and increasing reliability

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Advanced Scan Tool Diagnostics Steve Zack Jim Wilson

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  1. Advanced Scan Tool DiagnosticsSteve Zack Jim Wilson

  2. CANController Area Network

  3. Controller Area Network • Primary purpose is to network vehicle control module using a Standard protocol • Reduces redundant sensors and or wiring (multiplexing) • reducing weight and increasing reliability • Using serial data bus to transfer data • Allowing for reliable multiple processor instead of one unreliable large one

  4. Modes Of Communication

  5. OBD II Modes • MODE 1 • Request For Current Power train Diagnostic Data • MODE 2 • Request for Freeze Frame Data • MODE 3 • Request for the Emission Related Trouble Codes

  6. OBD II Modes • MODE 4 • Request to Clear/Reset Diagnostic Trouble Codes • MODE 5 • Request Oxygen Sensor Monitoring Test Results

  7. OBD II Mode 6 and 7 • MODE 6 • Request for the latest on-board monitoring test results for non-continuous test results • MODE 7 • Request for the latest on-board monitoring test results for continuous monitoring systems

  8. Mode 8 and 9 • Mode 8 • Request control of a On-Board System, Test, or Component • Mode 9 • Request for Vehicle Identification Number and Calibration IDs

  9. Mode 6

  10. Mode 6 Example EGR Monitor • The PCM will compare test from a Hexadecimal chart

  11. EGR Monitor • Before the monitor test begins the following must be completed • Engine at operating temperature • 3 minutes since start up • RPM at specified spec • MAP voltage at specified spec • TPS at specified spec • Vehicle speed at specified spec • STFT at a given minimum level

  12. EGR Monitor • PCM monitors by change in Short Term Fuel Trim • During operation of the EGR system the PCM will momentarily shut down the EGR solenoid • As a result EGR flow stops and a lean condition occurs • HO2S voltage will drop • STFT sees HO2S voltage drop and increases IPW • The PCM monitors STFT and EGR monitor is complete & Ready

  13. Diagnostics With Mode 6 & 7 • Emission Test Failure or Readiness Monitor • Readiness Status • First checking for pending codes • Next review Datastream for errors • Perform Bi-directional test where applicable • Make repairs • Perform drive cycle to verify

  14. Diagnostics With Mode 6 & 7 • MIL on • Check Diagnostic Trouble Code • Next review Datastream for errors • Perform Bi-directional test where applicable • Make repairs • Perform drive cycle to verify • Verify Readiness Status

  15. Datastream Diagnostics

  16. Data Stream DiagnosticsFuel Trim Data

  17. Fuel Trim

  18. Fuel Trim

  19. Spec 10 to 30 High IAC counts LTFT over +10 MAP normal .8 to 1.5 Idle Check ignition Dirty intake valves, Injectors, or Throttle plates Leaking EGR Check fuel pressure and volume Spec 10 to 30 IAC Counts High over 40 LTFT over +10 MAP sensor high or MAF sensor low <5 Sticking IAC Dirty intake valves, Injector, or Throttle plates Check fuel pressure and volume Low Manifold pressure or compression problems IAC motor stuck open IAC Counts High

  20. Temperature Sensors

  21. TPS Low Voltage Code • 1) KOEO • 2) Closed Throttle • Wiggle throttle shaft • If voltage varies a few tenths of a volt • Throttle body is worn • If not verify 5 volt reference and ground

  22. TPS Quick Specs

  23. GM MAP Sensors

  24. GM/Chrysler BARO Readings

  25. Chrysler MAP

  26. Ford MAP Sensors

  27. FORD BARO Readings

  28. MAP High Voltage Code • 1) KOER • 2) Measure Engine Vacuum at idle • Vacuum should be at spec approximate 18 in hg • If low verify • Cam to crank timing • Vacuum leak • Enriched fuel condition cause

  29. Cylinder Misfire Testing

  30. Catalyst Efficiency MonitorPre-HO2S Post-HO2SUpstream HO2S Downstream HO2SS1 S2 800 mv 450 mv 200 mv 470 mv 450 mv 430 mv

  31. GM CODES • Malfunction Indicator Light Codes • Hard codes • History Codes • Failure Since Clear • Failure records • Pending codes • Freeze frame

  32. Chrysler • Switch Tests • OBD2 • Enable/Disable Tests • Idle Air Control Tests • Actuator Test Mode • Drive Cycle

  33. FORD Tests • Output State Tests • Cylinder Balance Test • Ford OBD2 • Output Controls • Hi speed Fan On • Low Speed Fan On • All Outputs On • Drive Cycle

  34. GM OBD2 Bi-Directional Controls • Crankshaft Relearn • EVAP/EGR Controls • Canister Purge Solenoid • Canister Vent Solenoid • EGR Control • EVAP Service • Fuel System Controls • Fuel Pump Relay • Injector Disable • Fuel Closed Loop • Fuel Trim Reset

  35. GM OBD2 Bi-Directional Controls • Engine Indicator Lamps • Transmission Controls • Transmission Lamps • Accessory Controls • Readiness Status • O2 Tests • Drive cycles

  36. SCAN • Is the scan tool giving good information? • Does the sensor data match what the voltmeter or lab scope displays? • Will the bi-directional confirm a problem? • Does the command that the computer uses make sense? • Always check grounds with a DVOM because of sensor data allocation data. • Always check Voltage reference supply to sensors. • Do sensors move in reaction to others?

  37. DRIVE CYCLE ENABLE CRITERIAGeneral Motors

  38. GENERAL MOTORS • A/C REFRIGERENT • STEP 1 • COLD START ECT LESS THAN 5O DEGREES C, WITH A/C AND REAR DEFROST ON, IDLE 2.5 MINUTES IN DRIVE. BEFORE PROCEEDING TURN ACCESSORIES OFF • STEP 2 • ACCELERATE TO 55 MPH, 1/2 THROTTLE, A/C OFF • STEP 3 • 3 MININUTE STEADY STATE CRUISE 55 AND 60 MPH • STEP 4 • DECELERATE TO 20 MPH (CLUTCH OUT) NO BRAKE • STEP 5 • ACCELERATE AT 3/4 THROTTLE 55 TO 60 MPH, THEN STEADY STATE CRUISE FOR 5 MINUTES • STEP 6 • DECELERATE NO BRAKE, END OF CYCLE

  39. GENERAL MOTORS • AIR SYSTEM • STEP 1 • COLD START LESS THAN 50 DEGREES C, WITH A/C AND REAR DEFROST ON, IDLE 2.5 MINUTES IN DRIVE. BEFORE PROCEEDING TURN ACCESSORIES OFF • STEP 2 • 3 MINUTE STEADY STATE CRUISE 55 AND 60 MPH

  40. GENERAL MOTORS • CATALYST MONITOR • STEP 1 • VERIFY ALL OTHER IM FLAGS SET FIRST • STEP 2 • ACCELERATE AT 3/4 THROTTLE TO 55 TO 60 MPH, THEN STEADY CRUISE FOR 5 MINUTES

  41. GENERAL MOTORS • COMPREHENSIVE COMPONENTS • STEP 1 • COLD START ECT LESS THAN 50 DEGREES C, WITH A/C AND REAR DEFROST ON, IDLE FOR 2.5 MINUTES IN DRIVE. BEFORE PROCEEDING TURN ACCESSORIES OFF • STEP 2 • ACCELERATE TO 55 MPH, 1/2 THROTTLE, A/C OFF • STEP 3 • 3 MINUTES, STEADY STATE CRUISE 55 AND 60 MPH • STEP 4 • DECELERATE TO 20 MPH (CLUTCH OUT) NO BRAKE • STEP 5 • ACCELERATE AT 3/4 THROTTLE TO 55 TO 60 MPH, THEN STEADY STATE CRUISE FOR 5 MINUTES • STEP 6 • DECELERATE NO BRAKE, END OF CYCLE

  42. GENERAL MOTORS • EGR SYSTEM • STEP 1 • 3 MINUTE, STEADY STATE CRUISE 55 AND 60 MPH • DECELERATE (CLUTCH OUT) NO BRAKE TO LESS THAN 20 MPH

  43. GENERAL MOTORS • EVAP SYSTEM • STEP 1 • VERIFY BOTH O2 AND CATALYST MONITORS HAVE COMPLETED • STEP 2 • IAT WITHIN 7 DEGREES OF ECT • STEP 3 • COLD START ECT LESS THAN 50 DEGREES C, WITH A/C AND REAR DEFROST ON. IDLE 2.5 MINUTES IN DRIVE. BEFORE PROCEEDING TURN ACCESSORIES OFF • STEP 4 • ACCELERATE TO 55 MPH, 1/2 THROTTLE, A/C OFF • STEP 5 • 3 MINUTE, STEADY STATE CRUISE 55 AND 60 MPH • STEP 6 • DECELERATE TO 20 MPH (CLUTCH OUT) NO BRAKE • STEP 7 • ACCELERATE AT 3/4 THROTTLE TO 55 TO 60 MPH, THEN STEADY STATE CRUISE FOR 5 MINUTES • STEP 8 • DECELERATE NO BRAKE, END OF CYCLE

  44. GENERAL MOTORS • FUEL SYSTEM • STEP 1 • ACCELERATE TO 55 TO 60 MPH, 1/2 TO 3/4 THROTTLE, A/C OFF • STEP 2 • ACCELERATE AT 3/4 THROTTLE TO 55 TO 60 MPH, THEN STEADY STATE CRUISE FOR 5 MINUTES

  45. GENERAL MOTORS • FULL DRIVE CYCLE • STEP 1 • COLD START ECT LESS THAN 50 DEGREES C, WITH A/C AND REAR DEFROST ON, IDLE 2.5 MINUTES IN DRIVE. BEFORE PROCEEDING TURN ACCESSORIES OFF • STEP 2 • ACCELERATE TO 55 MPH, 1/2 THROTTLE, A/C OFF • STEP 3 • 3 MINUTE, STEADY STATE CRUISE 55 AND 60 MPH • STEP 4 • DECELERATE TO 20 MPH (CLUTCH OUT) NO BRAKE • STEP 5 • ACCELERATE AT 3/4 THROTTLE TO 55 TO 60 MPH, THEN STEADY CRUISE FOR 5 MINUTES • STEP 6 • DECELERATE NO BRAKE, END OF CYCLE

  46. GENERAL MOTORS • MISFIRE MONITOR • STEP 1 • ACCELERATE AT 3/4 THROTTLE TO 55 TO 60 MPH, THEN STEADY STATE CRUISE FOR 5 MINUTES

  47. GENERAL MOTORS • O2 SENSOR • STEP 1 • COLD START ECT LESS THAN 50 DEGREES C, WITH A/C AND REAR DEFROST ON, IDLE 2.5 MINUTES IN DRIVE. BEFORE PROCEEDING TURN ACCESSORIES OFF • STEP 2 • 3 MINUTE, STEADY STATE CRUISE 55 AND 60 MPH

  48. GENERAL MOTORS • O2 SENSOR HEATER • STEP 1 • COLD START ECT LESS THAN 50 DEGREES C, WITH A/C AND REAR DEFROST ON, IDLE 2.5 MINUTES IN DRIVE. BEFORE PROCEEDING TURN ACCESSORIES OFF • STEP 2 • 3 MINUTES, STEADY STATE CRUISE 55 AND 60 MPH

  49. DRIVE CYCLE ENABLE CRITERIAChrysler

  50. CHRYSLER CARS • AIR SYSTEM • STEP 1 • ENGINE WARM-UP REQUIRED, LEAVE ENGINE RUNNING 15 MINUTES • STEP 2 • ENGINE AT IDLE SPEED

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