Visual Word Recognition

1. Visual Word Recognition

2. Connectionist Models of Word Recognition

3. - /pInt/ pint The Dual Route Model Letter Detectors Lexicon (Mental Dictionary) Sublexical System (Rules) Pronunciation Code

4. Acquired Dyslexia Surface Dyslexia– impaired irregular-word reading pint, chaos

5. Acquired Dyslexia Surface Dyslexia– impaired irregular-word reading pint, chaos Phonological Dyslexia– impaired nonword reading blark, flirp

6. /pInt/ The Dual Route Model Surface Dyslexia pint Letter Detectors DAMAGE Sublexical System (Rules) Pronunciation Code

7. ????? The Dual Route Model Phonological Dyslexia blask Letter Detectors DAMAGE Lexicon (Mental Dictionary) Pronunciation Code

8. - /pInt/ The PDP Model Context Meaning Spelling Phonology (sound) pint

10. Properties of PDP models Representations are distributed pint /pInt/

11. Properties of PDP models Representations are distributed punt /punt/ pint /pInt/

12. Properties of PDP models Representations are distributed bank /bAnk/ side of a river bank /bAnk/ money institution

13. Properties of PDP models Representations are distributed berry /beri/ bury /beri/

14. Properties of PDP models Representations are distributed bass /bAs/ bass /bas/

15. Properties of PDP models Processing is conducted in parallel

16. Properties of PDP models The model learns

17. Properties of PDP models The model learns tip /tip/

18. Properties of PDP models The model learns

19. Properties of PDP models The model learns

20. Properties of PDP models The model learns

21. Properties of PDP models The model learns

22. Properties of PDP models The model learns

23. Properties of PDP models Processing is interactive

24. The Regularity Effect – longer naming latencies for irregular words than regular words Cortese (1998) –RTs in ms (error rates in parentheses) pant 561 (.01) pint 632 (.28)

25. - /pInt/ pint The Dual Route Model Letter Detectors Lexicon (Mental Dictionary) Sublexical System (Rules) Pronunciation Code

26. /pant/ pant The Dual Route Model Letter Detectors Lexicon (Mental Dictionary) Sublexical System (Rules) Pronunciation Code

27. pint pant lexical route sublexical route lexical route sublexical route I i a output system

28. Stage 1 pint pant lexical route sublexical route lexical route sublexical route I i a output system

29. Stage 2 pint pant lexical route sublexical route lexical route sublexical route I i a output system

30. Stage 3 pint pant lexical route sublexical route lexical route sublexical route I i u output system

31. Stage 4 pint pant lexical route sublexical route lexical route sublexical route I i a output system

32. The Regularity Effect – longer naming latencies for irregular words than regular words Cortese (1998) –RTs in ms (error rates in parentheses) and 3 of cycles for DRC model people DRC model pant 561 (.01) 78.9 pint 632 (.28) 86.7

33. Regularity Effect in PDP Model hint mint weights adjusted tint so that int = /Int/ lint pint weights adjusted so that int = /Int/ Cortese (1998) - PDP error scores Regular (pant) = .070 Irregular (pint) = .176

34. /pInt/ The PDP Model Surface Dyslexia Context DAMAGE Spelling Phonology (sound) pint

35. /pant/ pant The Dual Route Model Letter Detectors Lexicon (Mental Dictionary) Sublexical System (Rules) Pronunciation Code

36. The Lexicon Orthographic Lexicon Semantic System Phonological Lexicon

37. ?????? The PDP Model Phonological Dyslexia Context Meaning DAMAGE Spelling Phonology (sound) blask

38. Regularity vs. Consistency (Cortese & Simpson, 2000) Irregular words are usually irregular at two levels 1. grapheme-to-phoneme (e.g., pint) - stick, lid, dish

39. Regularity vs. Consistency (Cortese & Simpson, 2000) Irregular words are usually irregular at two levels 1. grapheme-to-phoneme (e.g., pint) - stick, lid, dish 2. word body (e.g., pint) - mint, lint, tint

40. Regularity vs. Consistency (Cortese & Simpson, 2000) Irregular words are usually irregular at two levels 1. grapheme-to-phoneme (e.g., pint) - stick, lid, dish 2. word body (e.g., pint) - mint, lint, tint Consistency Effects are Independent of GPC Regularity Regular Words - moon vs. mood Glushko (1979)

41. Regularity vs. Consistency (Cortese & Simpson, 2000) Irregular words are usually irregular at two levels 1. grapheme-to-phoneme (e.g., pint) - stick, lid, dish 2. word body (e.g., pint) - mint, lint, tint Consistency Effects are Independent of GPC Regularity Regular Words - moon vs. mood Glushko (1979)

42. /mUn/ moon The Dual Route Model Letter Detectors Lexicon (Mental Dictionary) Sublexical System (Rules) Pronunciation Code

43. /mUd/ mood The Dual Route Model Letter Detectors Lexicon (Mental Dictionary) Sublexical System (Rules) Pronunciation Code

44. /mood/ mood The Dual Route Model Letter Detectors Sublexical System (Rules) good stood wood hood mood food Pronunciation Code

45. /mood/ moon The Dual Route Model Letter Detectors Sublexical System (Rules) goon boon noon soon moon spoon Pronunciation Code

46. - /pInt/ pint The Dual Route Model Letter Detectors Lexicon (Mental Dictionary) Sublexical System (Rules) Pronunciation Code

47. Regularity Consistency Effect in PDP Model good wood weights adjusted hood so that ood = /ud/ stood mood weights adjusted so that ood = /ood/

48. Regular Words batchspook FRIENDSENEMIESFRIENDSENEMIES patchwatchkook book catchcook latchlook match took hatchshook rook hook

49. Regular Words batchspook FRIENDSENEMIESFRIENDSENEMIES patchwatchkook book catchcook latchlook match took hatchshook rook hook Irregular Words bind pint FRIENDSENEMIESFRIENDSENEMIES kindwindmint mindtint find lint blindflint hindprint windstint splint

50. /batch/ batch The Dual Route Model Regular Consistent F>E Letter Detectors Sublexical System (Rules) match hatch batch latch catchwatch Pronunciation Code