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The Spanish

The Spanish. Cortes Pizarro Columbus. God, Gold, Glory. Columbian Exchange. Catholic Mission. Desire to “Hispanicize” the Indians. Encomienda. Pueblo (Pope’s) Revolt. De Las Casas. French Explorers. Robert Le Salle (Great Lakes, Mississippi River)

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The Spanish

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  1. The Spanish • Cortes • Pizarro • Columbus

  2. God, Gold, Glory

  3. Columbian Exchange

  4. Catholic Mission • Desire to “Hispanicize” the Indians

  5. Encomienda

  6. Pueblo (Pope’s) Revolt

  7. De Las Casas

  8. French Explorers • Robert Le Salle (Great Lakes, Mississippi River) • Jacques Cartier (St. Lawrence River, The Country of the Canadas) • French settlement referred to as Louisiana

  9. Fur trade

  10. French settlement

  11. British • Spanish Armada and Queen Elizabeth • Primogeniture • Depression in England • Headright System

  12. Jamestown- 1607 • Primogeniture • Small depression in England, particularly in wool industry • Creation of Virginia Joint Stock Company • John Smith “There was no talk, no hope, no work, but dig gold, wash gold, refine gold, load goal.” • “Starving Time” • John Rolfe and Tobacco • 1619: women, slaves, House of Burgesses • Beginning of plantation system

  13. 1st and 2nd Anglo Powhatan Wars • Lord De La Warr took control of Jamestown and created a military state • Pocahontas married John Rolfe to end the 1st War • 2 more wars commenced with the result being the devastation of the Powhatan Confederacy

  14. Slaves • Brought by Dutch warship in 1619 • Most slaves brought from West Indies • Legal through out colonies • Treated under Barbados Slave Code- considered “chattel” • Became main mode of work after Bacon's Rebellion

  15. Maryland • Proprietary Colony • Haven for Catholics • Created by Lord Baltimore • Maryland Act of Toleration in 1649

  16. Carolinas • Most Carolinians were from West Indies- brought slave system with them • Main export became rice • Indians choose to live Carolinas for Pennsylvania’s “Holy Experiment” but are all killed before they can leave • Creation of Charles Town

  17. Georgia: The Buffer Colony, The Charity Colony • Built to protect other colonies from Spaniards • Used by James Oglethorpe to give debtors a second chance

  18. Plymouth- 1620 • Protestant Reformation • Calvinism: Puritans vs. Separatists • Mayflower Compact • William Bradford was governor over 30 times • First Thanksgiving

  19. Massachusetts Bay Colony

  20. Ideas in Puritan America • “We shall be as a shining city upon a hill, the eyes of all people are upon us.” • Visible Saint • “Modell of Christian Charity” – no social classes • Bible Commonwealth • Social Covenant • Town Hall Meetings • Patriarchal Families • Few women rights • General Court • Dame Schools • Blue Laws • Protestant Work Ethic

  21. Rhode Island: Sewer, Rogue's Island • Roger Williams- separation of church and state, kindness to Indians • Anne Hutchinson- antinomianism

  22. Indian relations • Half hearted attempts to convert – “praying towns” • Pequot War • King Philip’s War • Creation of New England Confederation to protect against Dutch and Indians

  23. Connecticut • Started by Thomas Hooker • Created the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut- essentially a constitution

  24. The Dutch and New York

  25. Colony of New Jersey • Originally controlled by the Dutch and Swedes • Considered a proprietary colony

  26. Pennsylvania, The Holy Experiment • Quakers • First colony to truly advertise, namely in Germany • Handed out lots of land • No tax supported state church • Kind to Indians

  27. Northern Colonies- Religion, trade, whaling, lumber • Middle Colonies- Breadbasket, religious toleration • Southern Colonies- plantation system, cash crops (tobacco, indigo, rice and cotton)

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