1 / 16

Atoms & Life Substances Section 6.1 & 6.3

Atoms & Life Substances Section 6.1 & 6.3. Atomic Structure 6.1. Nucleus = center of an atom, contains protons ( p + positively charged) and neutrons ( n º neutral) Electrons ( eˉ ) are negatively charged particles that surround the nucleus

farica
Download Presentation

Atoms & Life Substances Section 6.1 & 6.3

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Atoms & Life SubstancesSection 6.1 & 6.3

  2. Atomic Structure 6.1 • Nucleus = center of an atom, contains protons (p+ positively charged) and neutrons (nº neutral) • Electrons (eˉ) are negatively charged particles that surround the nucleus • Atoms are neutral because they contain equal numbers of protons and electrons

  3. Biomolecules (6.3) • These are the molecules required by living things • 1. Carbohydrates • 2. Proteins • 3. Lipids • 4. Nucleic Acids (There are other types of molecules too!!!)

  4. Organic Compounds= contain carbon, all biomolecules are organic • Monomer= a building block, smaller subunits • Polymer = made up of lots of monomer subunits

  5. CARBOHYDRATES pg. 158 • Source of energy • Structural materials • Monosaccharides& Polysaccharides

  6. Monosaccharide Carbs • They’re Monomers =1 Carbohydrate • Glucose = main source of energy for cells, diabetics need to monitor glucose levels

  7. Polysaccharide Carbs • Polysaccharide = 3 or more monosaccharides • Glycogen = how animals store glucose • Starch = how plants store glucose • Cellulose = polysaccharide, provides plants with structure

  8. 2. PROTEINS pg. 161 • Hair, horns, nails, skin, muscle • Act as biological catalysts(enyzmes)which help to kick start reactions in the body

  9. Amino Acids • Protein monomer • 20 different amino acids • Peptide Bond= connects amino acids • http://www.biotopics.co.uk/as/aminocon.html • Polypeptide = long chain of amino acids

  10. Enzymes • Enzymes change the rate of reactions in the body • Help cells reproduce, digest food, get rid of waste, make new biomolecules • Active Site= a section of the enzyme shaped to fit a specific substrate • Substrate = something that’s being broken apart or made (catalyzed) • http://www.lpscience.fatcow.com/jwanamaker/animations/Enzyme%20activity.html • http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html

  11. 3. LIPIDS pg. 160 • Insoluble = Don’t dissolve in water • Best for storing energy • Insulation, protective coverings • Major part of cell membranes

  12. Saturated & Unsaturated Fats • Saturated Fat = found in butter, red meat (solid at room temperature), saturated with hydrogen • Unsaturated Fat = vegetable fats (liquid at room temperature)

  13. Phospholipids • Cell membranesmade up of two layers of phospholipids, forms a barrier • Keeps things that are supposed to be out, out of the cell • Keeps things that are supposed to be in, in the cell • 2 fatty acids attached to glycerol, and a phosphate group Phosphate Lipids

  14. Practice What percent of your body is made of water? Explain why a cell needs a structure that helps it maintain water levels inside? What could happen to the cell if this structure wasn’t working properly?

  15. Other types of LIPIDS besides fats… • Wax • Structural • Makes a coat on plants for water proofing • Steroids • Hormones that cause physical changes in the body

  16. 4. NUCLEIC ACIDS pg. 163 • Store and transfer info in the cell • Nucleotide = monomerof nucleic acids • 2 kinds of nucleic acid polymers: • DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid • RNA = ribonucleic acid

More Related