Nursing Theory Nola Pender & The Health Promotion Model

1. Nursing TheoryNola Pender & The Health Promotion Model By: Rachelle Snyder Nursing 463

2. Nola J. Pender, PhD., RN, FAAN • Michigan State University Bachelors-1964 4 • Michigan State University Masters-1965 4 • Northwestern University, PhD.-1969 4 • Co-founder of Midwest Nursing Research Society 4 • Professor Emerita: Division of Health Promotion & Risk Reduction, Michigan State University School of Nursing 4 • Distinguished Professor: Loyola University Chicago, School of Nursing 1 • Health promoting studies: mid 1970’s 1 • Health promotion model (HPM): 1982, revised in 1996 1

3. Health Promotion ModelPositive motivation vs. Negative 5Intervene before disease state 3 Health Protection/ Disease Prevention 2 Behavior motivated Desire to increase well-being Approach to wellness Behavior motivated Desire to avoid illness Early detection Maintain function if illness exists Health promotion 2

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5. Individual Characteristics & Experiences 5 • Manifested by prior behavior • Seeks to identify past behavior to assess possibility of change • Identify personal factors that need adjusting • Formulates plan of action based on prior behavior & personal factors

6. Behavior Specific Cognitions & Affect 5 • Perceived benefits/barriers of action • Considers influences • Planning /Considering reasons for potential failure • Identifies benefits of plan • Identify steps to attain goals

7. Behavioral Outcome5 • Commitment to plan of action • Demands and preferences • Nurse empowers patient • Health promoting behaviors begin

8. Relevance of Health Promotion Theory • Focus on well-being before illness/disease exists/Prevention focused • Individual or community geared • Promotes well-being/healthy lifestyles • Geared towards any age group • Goal=Positive outcomes

9. Future incorporation to Nursing practice • Use of the model relies on both Nurse & patient (also a limitation) • HPM has been used since 1980’s • Can be used in almost any practice • Preventative approach will save $$ • Examples: • Diet • Exercise • Screening • Vaccine • Wellness checkups • BP monitoring

10. Pender’s quotes “I committed myself to the proactive stance of health promotion and disease prevention with the conviction that it is much better to experience exuberant well-being and prevent disease than let disease happen when it is avoidable and then try and cope with it.”-Nola J. Pender, PhD, RN, FAAN “We are moving toward an era of science-based practice in nursing that incorporates the latest findings from the behavioral and biological sciences into practice to assist people of varying cultural backgrounds to adopt healthy lifestyles.”-Nola J. Pender, PhD, RN, FAAN “I believe that the future will be very bright and productive for nurses who direct their careers toward understanding disease prevention and health promotion processes.” -Nola J. Pender, PhD, RN, FAAN

11. References 1 Miller, S., (n.d.). Professional background of theorist. Retrieved from http://nolapender.weebly.com/background.html 2 Nursing Theories. (2008). Health promotion model: heuristic device for health care professionals. Retrieved from http://nursingtheories.blogspot.com/search?q=nola+pender 3 Texas Woman’s University. (2014). Nursing Theorist. Retrieved from http://libguides.twu.edu/content.php?pid=387632&sid=3179558 4 University of Michigan School of Nursing. (2014). Nola J. Pender. Retrieved from http://www.nursing.umich.edu/faculty-staff/nola-j-pender 5 Williams, N., (n.d.). Critical elements of theory. Retrieved from http://nolapender.weebly.com/critical-elements.html