Land Biomes

1. Land Biomes Chapter 20

2. Biomes • Geographic area characterized by certain types of plant and animal communities • Contains smaller ecosystems • Rainfall and temperature are the major factors determining what biome is in a region • Not specific to a place • Ex. Desert biome doesn’t refer to one desert in particular but to any of them

3. Forests • Needs enough rain and right temperature • Not too hot, not too cold • Three types • Temperate Deciduous forest • Coniferous forest • Tropical Rain forest

4. This is where you live Deciduous = leaves that fall off Producers include trees, grass, moss, ferns Animals include bears, birds, rodents and even the platypus Temperate Deciduous

5. Rain 75-125 cm a year Temperature Summer 28 C Winter 6 C Temperate Deciduous

6. Don’t change much from winter to summer Long cold winters Coniferous = pine trees with cones Coniferous Forest

7. Producers include pine trees mostly and some flowers, moss, wild potato Animals include yak, llamas, goats, birds, snow leopards Coniferous Forest

8. Rain – 35-75 cm Temperature 14 C in summer, -10 C in winter Also called Boreal forest or Tiaga Coniferous Forest

9. More diversity than any other biome Some animals only live in the tree tops (canopy) while others live on the ground. Most nutrients are found in the vegetation Tropical Rain Forest

10. Producers include bamboo, various trees such as coconut, lianas or vines, flowers and strangler fig Animals include elephants, tigers, monkeys, bats and insects Tropical Rain Forest

11. Rain – up to 400 cm a year Temperature -> 34 C during the day 20 C at night Also called the jungle Tropical Rain Forest

12. Also called steppes, pampas, prairies Found between deserts and forests Found on every continent Most are flat with rolling hills Grasslands

13. Prairie Rain 25-75 cm a year Temperature – 30 C in summer 0 C in winter Temperate Grassland

14. Producers include GRASS, and small flowering plants Animals include prairie dogs, birds, mice, foxes, bobcats, coyotes, insects Temperate Grassland

15. Tropical Grassland 150 cm in rain a year Temperature – Dry season 34 C Wet season 16 C Savanna

16. Producers include GRASS with scattered trees Animals include elephants, giraffes, zebras, gazelles, wildebeests, leopards, lions and hyenas Savanna

17. Savanna • Think of the Lion King

18. Hot, dry area Plants and animals have adapted to gain and conserve water Rain – less than 25 cm a year Temperature- 38 C in the summer, 7 C in the winter Desert

19. Producers include cactus, small flowering plants such as aster, and bushes Animals include rodents, birds, bobcats, reptiles such as snakes, lizards, tortoise and gila monsters Desert

20. Desert

21. Far North on tops of mountains Too cold for trees to grow Permafrost – permanently frozen ground below the surface Keeps water from draining keeping surface soggy and wet Tundra

22. Producers include moss, grasses, berries, tea, small willow shrubs and lichens Animals include caribou, musk oxen, lemmings, shrews, hares, birds, bears, fox and wolves Tundra

23. Rain – 30-50 cm a year Temperature 12 C in summer -26 C in winter Tundra