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Fun Facts About Buttons

Button Identity Prepared & Presented by: Emily Taylor, OSU Extension FCS Intern & OHCE member Melody Ennis, FCS Extension Educator- Okmulgee County Rachel Lockwood- FCS Extension Educator- Pittsburg County. Fun Facts About Buttons.

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Fun Facts About Buttons

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  1. Button IdentityPrepared & Presented by:Emily Taylor, OSU Extension FCS Intern & OHCE member Melody Ennis, FCS Extension Educator- Okmulgee CountyRachel Lockwood- FCS Extension Educator- Pittsburg County

  2. Fun Facts About Buttons 1. The word button comes from the French “bouton” meaning bud, protuberance, or any round object.2. King Francis I of France once wore 13,600 buttons on his clothes, he liked many golden buttons on his court costumes.3. The Chinese wear five buttons on their coat fronts as symbols of the five principals virtues recommended by Confucius – Humanity, Justice, Order, Prudence and Rectitude. 4. Buttons began to be used to indicate rank by certain Chinese officials in the days of the Empire wore buttons on their hats to show their rank. The men of highest rank wore ruby buttons. Then came, in order, buttons of coral, sapphire, lapis lazuli, crystal and others. 5. Buttons were used for money in America, buttons were used for trading with the Indians. 6. The British Army in France used 367 different kinds of buttons during World War I. Buttons were considered so important to front line troops that any kind of a button could be requisitioned and delivered within eight hours. The British Army spent $500,000 per year just for the paste used to polish brass buttons.

  3. Fun Facts Continued… 7. The first buttons in the United States were made of metal. 8. Louis XIV spent $600,000 on jeweled buttons. 9. The expression “brass button” suggests authority and service. 10. The words “Vive La Liberte” appeared on buttons during the French Revolution, which means “Long Live Liberty”. 11. Koumpounophobia is a relatively rare phobia, but one that does exist. It is an irrational and persistent fear of buttons standalone ones or those on clothing. 12. 14th through 16th centuries show that normal practice was to sew buttons to the edge of the cuff or garment opening rather than setting them in from the edge, as is standard today. Sewing to the edge is more economical when fabric is precious, because it requires a smaller overlap. Also, if the button should be torn off, the tear is less likely to show and can easily be patched or darned. http://www.pbs.org

  4. Bone Plain Carved/ Inlaid Post 1850 Fancy buttons, usually produced in a button plant instead of home made. • Pre-colonial to present • Often homemade during 17th and 18th Centuries. • Sew through with 2 to 5 holes. uk.pinterest.com www.pinterest.com

  5. Celluloid • 1869 to present • Early used to imitate carved ivory. • In the 1900’s, a two piece 'window' button.

  6. Ceramic Earthenware, 1700 to present • Jasperware type (1825-1853), Produced by Wedgewood and imitated by many. • Norwalk type (1906-1950), Dark red-brown, with occasional light colors. Connecticut production. • Pewabictype (Early 20th C.), Blue and gray body, coppery glaze. From Detroit. • Ruskin type (Late 18th C., popular 1850 – 1920), British. Blue, green, brown, or purple non-lead glazes, "Ruskin" stamped. www.craftjuice.com

  7. Ceramic Porcelain, 1840- ? • Calico type (1891- ?), transfer printed, usually a color on white. Mostly sew-through, 1/4" to 1 1 /4“. • Coalporttype (Late 19th C. to present), Coalport makers mark, decal decoration. • Satsuma type (Late 19th C. to present), Japanese, feldspathic glaze, red, green, or golden body. Self-shanked. • Birdcages (Mid 19th C.), Hollow 2 piece buttons, shank fired to top of button, often painted. www.pinterest.com www.pinterest.com

  8. Cloth • Cloth shanks (1825 on), flexible canvas shank developed by Saunders, Jr. • Dorset (Mid 18th to mid 19th C.), woven thread flat or piled over a metal or bone ring; British cottage industry. • Embroidered (1700 on), automated in the early 19th Century. • Metal shanks (1810's on), metal shank attached to fabric button, developed by Saunders. • Undecorated (17th C.), fabric stretched over bone, ivory, wood, or metal hoops. teasemade.blogspot.com www.etsy.com http://hubpages.com

  9. Enameled • 19th Century on • Metal disk bases, 'painted' with colored glass powders and fired. www.pinterest.com www.bysonbuttons.com

  10. Glass Blown, glass shanks Antiquarian • Antiquarian/faceted (18th-19th C.), British 'drop' buttons with U shank and faceted glass. • Blown, glass shanks (19th C.), hollow w/ decorative filling; pearl-like buttons; round, oval, or faceted. • Blown, metal shanks (After 1900), metal plate with shank attached to glass body. • Crackle glazed (19th C. on), balls on wire shanks, usually clear; plunged into water producing cracked top. www.etsy.com bumbershootdesigns.blogspot.com Crackle Glazed Blown, metal shanks www.pinterest.com www.pinterest.com

  11. Glass • Coralene (19th C.), improved process patented 1883; glass beads fused onto disk, often gilded. • Lacey glass (1825 – 1870), pressed glass, composed of actual 'lacey glass' between 1825 & 1850. • Milk glass (1840 to 1940's), pressed glass, white opaque. Shirts and structural use. handmade-goodies.blogspot.com Coralene Milk Glass www.pinterest.com Lacey www.pinterest.com

  12. Composite Horn (including hoof) • Composite (Late 19th C. to present), ground hoof &horn with resins, molded in various designs. • Natural (Pre-colonial to late 19th C.), slices of antler or solid tips of horn; plain, carved, or inlaid. • Processed (1830 to present), hollow portion of horn, soaked and stamped or molded; usually dyed black. Natural www.terapeak.com www.hawesandfreerblog.com

  13. Ivory True ivory Vegetable ivory 19th and early 20th Century Made of corozo nut; white (natural tone), yellow, or amber; worked as ivory. • Pre-colonial to 1960's • Imported finished and raw materials, carved and inlaid. www.etsy.com boutonsweb.fr www.pinterest.com www.buddhamuseum.com

  14. Metal • Aluminum (1880's to present) • Stenciled (1931 to 1940's) • Brass / Tombric/ Yellow metal (1700's to present) • Coin (17th C to present) • Copper (Late 17th to early 20th C.) • Gilt (1800 to 1850's) • Iron (1800 to 1870) • Silver (16th. C on) • Linked (17th to 18th C.) • Capped backs (18th to 19th C) • Solid stamped (18th to 19th C.) • 2-part fused (18th to 19th C.) • Picture (19th to 20th C.) • White metal • Pewter (1700-1820, 1850's on) • With iron shanks (After 1800) • Britannia (1770 to 1800's) www.etsy.com

  15. Pearl/Shell White or Smoked Abalone 1750 to present Carved cameos prior to 1880, smooth backs prior to 1900. • Pre-colonial • Can be freshwater or oceanic; • Imported prior to 1892 and US manufactured from 1892 www.pinterest.com shellbuttons.net www.britishshellclub.org

  16. Rubber • 1850's on • Popular in 1855 on; often stamped' 1851' or '1849-1851‘. www.alwaysknittingandsewing.co.uk

  17. Wood • Pre-colonial to present • 18th Century plain & utilitarian • 19th Century decorated (carved, painted, etc.) www.pandahall.com www.etsy.com www.ebay.com www.pinterest.com

  18. Button Societies & Shows • Oklahoma Button Society, http://www.oklahomabuttonsociety.org/ • National Button Society, http://www.nationalbuttonsociety.org • A list of shows can be found on the National Button Society website. • The next show closest to Oklahoma is on September 29th in Burnet, Texas. It isthe Texas State Button Society Annual Fall Show and Workshop. http://www.oklahomabuttonsociety.org http://www.oklahomabuttonsociety.org http://www.oklahomabuttonsociety.org

  19. Questions? www.antiquebuttonstore.com

  20. References Lesson created by Intern: Emily Taylor- Okmulgee County Marcel, Sarah Elizabeth, "Buttoning Down the Past: A Look at Buttons as Indicators of Chronology and Material Culture" (1994). University of Tennessee Honors Thesis Projects. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj/42 University of Kentucky, “Buttonhole” FACS Sheet Linda Heaton, Ph.D Extension Specialist for Clothing & Textiles April 2004 http://www.fearof.net/fear-of-buttons-phobia-koumpounophobia/ http://www.personal.utulsa.edu/~marc-carlson/jennifer/buttons/Attaching%20buttons.htm www.pinterest.com

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