Coloring the Periodic Table Groups

1. Coloring the Periodic Table Groups 8th Grade Science Mrs. Dickerson Some images are from www.chem4kids.com www.middleschoolscience.com 2008

2. Groups on the Periodic Table • Elements on the periodic table can be grouped based on their chemical properties. • Each group has a specific name to differentiate it from the other groups in the periodic table. • Elements in each group react differently with other elements.

3. HYDROGEN • This element does not match the properties of any other group, so it stands alone. • It is placed above Group 1, but it is not a part of that group. • Very reactive • Colorless • Odorless • Gas at room temperature

4. ALKALI METALS Group 1 • Hydrogen is not a member, it is a non-metal • 1 electron in the outer shell • Soft, shiny, silver-colored metals • Very reactive, esp. with water • Never found in nature in their pure form • Conduct electricity Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html

5. Alkali Metals Examples • Lithium • Sodium

6. ALKALINE-EARTH METALS Group 2 • 2 electrons in the outer shell • White or silver-colored and malleable (easily shaped) • Reactive, but less than Alkali metals • Conduct electricity

7. Alkaline-Earth Metals Examples • Calcium

8. TRANSITION METALS Groups 3 - 12 • Good conductors of heat and electricity. • Some are used for jewelry. • The transition metals are able to put up to 32 electrons in their second to last shell. • Shiny

9. Transition Metals Examples

10. BORON GROUP Group 13 • 3 electrons in the outer shell • 4 are metals • Boron is a metalloid

11. Boron Group Examples • Aluminum

12. CARBON GROUP Group 14 • 4 electrons in the outer shell • Contains 2 metals, 2 metalloids, and one nonmetal

13. Carbon Group Examples • Carbon Fiber

14. NITROGEN GROUP Group 15 • 5 electrons in the outer shell • Can share electrons to form compounds • Contains 1 metal, two metalloids, and two nonmetals

15. Nitrogen Group Examples • Nitrogen is found in fertilizers • Liquid Nitrogen

16. OXYGEN GROUP Group 16 • 6 electrons in the outer shell • Contains 1 metal, 1 metalloid, and 3 nonmetals • Reactive group

17. Oxygen Group Examples • Sulfur is found in gunpowder

18. HALOGENS Group 17 • 7 electrons in the outer shell • All are non-metals • Very reactive are often bonded with elements from Group 1 • Poor conductors of heat and electricity

19. Halogen Group Examples

20. NOBLE GASES Group 18 • Exist as gases • Non-metals • 8 electrons in the outer shell = Full • Helium (He) has only 2 electrons in the outer shell = Full • Not reactive with other elements • Colorless and odorless at room temperature

21. Noble Gases Examples

22. LANTHANIDES AND ACTINIDES • Rare earth metals • Lanthanides are shiny and reactive • Actinides are ALL radioactive and unstable • Conduct electricity • Elements 93-118 do not exist in nature but have been manufactured in the lab

23. LANTHANIDES AND ACTINIDES

24. THE END.