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Hamlet. By William Shakespeare. What do you Already know?. Main Characters. Prince Hamlet – about 18 years old, Heir to the throne of Denmark King Claudius – King of Denmark, Hamlet’s Uncle Queen Gertrude – Hamlet’s mother Polonius – Lord Chamberlain, Ophelia and Laertes’ Father
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Hamlet By William Shakespeare
Main Characters • Prince Hamlet – about 18 years old, Heir to the throne of Denmark • King Claudius – King of Denmark, Hamlet’s Uncle • Queen Gertrude – Hamlet’s mother • Polonius – Lord Chamberlain, Ophelia and Laertes’ Father • Ophelia – Hamlet’s girlfriend • Laertes – Ophelia’s older brother and Hamlet’s friend • Horatio – Hamlet’s friend
Act I Where we meet the characters and learn about the murder!
Act 1 – Scene 1 • The Ghost! • A bunch of guards and Horatio (Hamlet’s best friend)
Act 1 – Scene 2 • The King’s Speech (Claudius – Hamlet’s Uncle) • A discussion of Hamlet’s mourning • Whether or not he should return to school • Hamlet’s veiled response • Hamlet’s soliloquy – a main theme! • Horatio tells Hamlet about the ghost…
Act 1 – Scene 3 • Polonius’ House (Ophelia and Laertes’ Father) • Laertes speaks to Ophelia about Hamlet • Fatherly advice to Laertes about going off to school • Polonius forbids Ophelia to associate with Hamlet
Act 1 – Scene 4 • Up on the Castle (waiting for the Ghost) • Hamlet sees the ghost and goes running after it!
Act 1 – Scene 5 • Hamlet and the Ghost • The ghost tells Hamlet that he was murdered! • He also asks to be avenged • At dawn, he disappears, and Hamlet makes his men swear on his sword not to reveal what they have seen this night.
Act II The Madness of Prince Hamlet
Act II – Scene 1 • Polonius and Ophelia • Ophelia tells Polonius how Hamlet is freaking out. • Polonius decides it is because she refused his love. • He runs off to tell Claudius.
Act II – Scene 2 • The “Fishmonger” Scene • We meet Rosencrantz and Guildenstern • Polonius tells Claudius about Hamlet’s madness • They devise a plan to confront Hamlet with Ophelia and to see how he reacts. • Polonius catches up with Hamlet in the Library and they talk – Hamlet acts crazy, but with lots of wit. • Hamlet meets Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. • The actors arrive!
Act III Things start to get really EMO…
Act III – Scene 1 • “To be, or not to be…” • Claudius, Gertrude, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern all discuss Hamlet’s madness. • The decide to invite the actors in to see if that helps. • Hamlet walks in contemplating his own death. • He sees Ophelia and she tries to give him back his things. • Claudius and Polonius emerge from behind a tapestry and agree that he is losing it.
Act III – Scene 2 • The Play within a Play • Hamlet councils the actors on how to act • Hamlet sits near the king and explains what is happening during the play • Hamlet teases Ophelia with sexual references • Claudius freaks out when he sees the play! • Hamlet rejoices. Gertrude is disgusted.
Act III – Scene 3 • The Praying King • Claudius tells Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to take Hamlet to England immediately • He then goes to pray • Hamlet comes across him and comes very close to killing him… • But it occurs to him if he stabs him while he is praying – he may go to heaven.
Act III – Scene 4 • Gertrude’s Chambers – The Incest Scene • Polonius hides in the Queen’s chambers to overhear their conversation. • Gertrude confronts Hamlet about his behaviour toward her now husband. • Hamlet explodes – and Gertrude yells out in fear. • Polonius cries out, Hamlet is so angry – he stabs whoever is behind the tapestry (hoping it is the King!) • The Ghost appears (only to Hamlet) and reminds him of his mission.
Act IV Ophelia goes a little nuts…
Act IV – Scene 1 • Somewhere in the Castle • Claudius is conferring with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern • Gertrude enters and tells Claudius what happened. • Claudius realizes that Hamlet means to kill him.
Act IV – Scene 2 • Elsewhere in the Castle • Rosencrantz and Guildenstern find Hamlet. • Hamlet realizes quickly that his two friends are loyal to the King.
Act IV – Scene 3 • The Worm Eating Scene • Claudius asks Hamlet where Polonius’ body is… • Hamlet continues to act slightly crazy and hostile towards his Uncle. • In an aside – Claudius admits his plan to have Hamlet killed in England.
Act IV – Scene 4 • A Field in Denmark • Hamlet, with his armed escort, runs into Fortinbras (a Captain from the Norwegian army) • Hamlet is surprised so many people would die for something so insignificant. • In conclusion, Hamlet realizes he has been avoiding his goal – and he decides to be more “bloody.”
Act IV – Scene 5 • The Madness of Ophelia • Gertrude and Claudius discuss Ophelia – who has kind of gone crazy since Hamlet killed Polonius. • She enters and sings… • Laertes enters (sailed home) with a mob and sees Ophelia. • Claudius informs Laertes that Hamlet is to blame.
Act IV - Scene 6 • The Escape • Horatio gets a letter from Hamlet who describes his escape from the ship – and what he did to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern!
Act IV – Scene 7 • The Plan • Claudius explains to Laertes what happened and why he sent Hamlet to England. • A messenger comes in a tells them Hamlet will return the following day…Laertes is happy he will have his revenge. • Claudius manipulates Laertes into killing Hamlet for him – with a poisoned blade during a duel. • If that does not work – Claudius will poison him. • Gertrude enters and tells them about Ophelia’s suicide.
Act V The Great Duel!
Act V – Scene 1 • The “Grave” Scene • Horatio and Hamlet approach the castle, they see the gravediggers and a ridiculous conversation ensues. • “Oh Yoric, I knew him well…” • The funeral procession for Ophelia arrives • Hamlet realizes it is Ophelia – Laertes jumps into the grave and Hamlet joins him. • They fight – and the duel is set.
Act V – Scene 2 • The Duel • In preparation, Hamlet tells Horatio about how he killed off Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. • Hamlet and Laertes begin their duel – Hamlet scores first and Claudius rises, offering toast for the fighters and a pearl for the winner (it’s poison!) • They continue to fight – but Gertrude gets up and drinks from the cup! • During the fight, they manage to exchange swords – both are cut.
Act V – Scene 2 • The Queen dies – Laertes dies and explains what the king has done. • Hamlet kills the King and then dies himself. • Fortinbras enters and Hamlet is given a soldiers funeral.