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Landforms

Landforms. Landforms Created by Plate Motion. Massive, slow-moving tectonic plates have so much force they can build tall mountains, form deep valleys and rip Earth’s surface apart Compression, tension, and shear stresses each produce a different type of landform.

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Landforms

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  1. Landforms

  2. Landforms Created by Plate Motion • Massive, slow-moving tectonic plates have so much force they can build tall mountains, form deep valleys and rip Earth’s surface apart • Compression, tension, and shear stresses each produce a different type of landform

  3. Landforms Created by Compression • The largest landforms on Earth are produced by compression at convergent plate boundaries • A collision between 2 continental plates can produce tall mountains that form slowly in stages over millions of years • The plates beneath India and Asia Started almost 50 million years ago

  4. Landforms Created by Compression • Because the plates are still colliding, the Himalayas grow a few millimeters each year due to compression

  5. Compression • When 2 plates collide, one can go under the other and be forced into the mantle in a process called subduction • Ocean trenches are deep, underwater troughs created by one plate subducting under another plate at a convergent plate boundary • Ocean trenches are the deepest places in the Earth’s oceans

  6. Volcanic Arc • Volcanic Mountains can form in the ocean where plates converge and one plate subducts under another one. • The curved line of volcanic islands that forms parallel to a plate boundary is called a volcanic arc. • Volcanic arcs can also form on continents.

  7. Volcanic Arcs

  8. Landforms Created by Tension • A long, tall mountain range that forms where oceanic plates diverge is called a mid-ocean ridge • When divergent boundaries occur within a continent, they can form continental rifts, or enormous splits in the Earth’s crust

  9. Landforms Created by Tension

  10. Landforms created by Shear Stress • Transform Faults form where tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other • The yellow line on the map shows the mid-ocean ridge. The red lines are transform faults.

  11. Fault Zone • Some transform faults can be seen at Earth’s surface, such as San Andreas Fault in California. • San Andreas Fault is not a single fault, but many smaller faults in the area around it. • An area of many fractured pieces of crust along a large fault is called a fault zone.

  12. Fault Zone

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