Cro - Magnons

1. …………..Dates and Place of Existence ………… Description of Appearance……….. Cro- Magnons ……….. Language………….. Paintings and Carvings………... By Jimmy Nick Isabel Yin Mei Destiny ……………Shelter……….. Daily life………… Food……… ………..Tools………….. Fire………………… Religious Ceremonies…………

2. Many mysteries about the Cro-Magnons fill the minds of scientists all over the world. Luckily, some of the mysteries have been uncovered and made into sensible information about how Cro-Magnons lived, what they ate, and even what they wore. Most of this information will be revealed and placed into your minds by this presentation. Unfortunately, lots of information is still out in the world waiting for scientists to uncover it. Hopefully, you will get enough information to understand the Cro-Magnons and their lives from our slideshow! Enjoy!!!!!!!!

3. Dates of Place and Existence The Cro- Magnon people lived during the Paleolithic Era, which was at the time of the ice age about 40,000 . They were the new species of Homo Sapiens that came right after the Neanderthals. They mainly lived in Africa, Asia, and Europe. After a time, the Cro-Magnons migrated following their prey/food and ended up in South and North America. Antarctica was the only continent with no population of these early humans.(1) • Paleolithic Europe Distribution of Cro-Magnon site in upper Paleolithic Times • Cro -Magnon Site

4. Description of Appearance Cro-Magnons were the first of the early humans to look like an actual modern human.They had straight faces, unlike the Early Human species before them. The Cro-Magnons had smaller jaws and noses than the previous Homo Sapiens, which gave them a flatter face from the side, instead of bulging jaws and mouths.(2) This made them a lot like the humans we are today in their appearance.

5. Shelter The shelters the Cro-Magnons built were made out of sinew, bones (mainly from mammoths because they had larger bones in their bodies), and animal skin(leather). (3) The sinew was used to secure all the bones together to form a stable structure. When the bones were secured they used the animal skin (leather) to cover the bones to complete the shelter. (4)

6. Daily Life The Cro-Magnons daily life consisted of exercising and hunting animals . They also spent most of their time gathering vegetables and roots for food. The men hunted for larger animals and the women use the hides and bones to make clothes. The women would also use sinew from animals and braid it to make rope. (5)

7. Food The Cro-Magnons hunted for food such as deer, rabbits, wooly mammoths, bears, musk oxens, and animals that shared their environment. (7) They also had to find vegetables such as carrots, roots, beets, berries, celery, and cabbage. (8) When they caught the animals, they would take off the fur and put the meat over the fire. (9) The gathering of the food was done by the women and children of the Cro-Magnon tribe. (10)

8. Tools The Cro-Magnon people used rock, bone, and wood to make their tools. They made tools such as knives, chisels, hammers, axes, and spears. They used these tools for making food, hunting, and making houses. (11) They used stuff like this to survive.

9. Fires Because the Cro-Magnons lived during the ice age, fire was really important to their lives. They used the fire to hunt and to cook. Additionally, it was used for heat, protection, and for constructing things for the group. (12) Cro-Magnons started fires with flat rocks (flint and iron pyrite) and kept the fire going with wood and dry plants, like weeds. Once a fire dimmed, they took the hot coals and put them into maple leaves to keep them hot so they could start a fire quickly next time. (13)

10. Religion and Ceremonies The Cro-Magnons showed a sense of religion when they started their burial ceremonies. When a person died, most of the tribe came and had a funeral. People would put tools and food out for the dead person so that he/she would have what was needed for the afterlife. Then the group would put dirt and stones over the body to cover it to honor the person’s death. (14)

11. Language The people who lived during the Cro- Magnon times had no written language because they were unable to learn it. They communicated orally and with hand signals. They also carved pictures, and there was a meaning to each and every painting. Even as they went hunting, the Cro-Magnons drew paintings in caves to show that a hunt was present. They also showed signs with their hands when a ceremony was taking place. (15)

12. Paintings and Carvings Cro-Magnons paintings were usually painted of horses, bison, deer, and oxen. These paintings were made on cave walls. Cro-Magnons used bright colors in their paintings to express their feelings. To make paint brushes, they used animal hairs. They made white paint out of chalk, red paint out of iron oxide, and black paint out of charcoal. (16) One major cave that they painted on was called Lascaux. (17)

13. Conclusion We hope that you have learned a lot about the Cro-Magnon people and how they lived. We have taught you about their religion, clothing, food, shelters, and much more. This was a very exciting learning experience for our group.

14. Questions 1. Name one characteristic that gave the Cro-Magnons the privilege to be known as the first early humans to look like modern humans. 2. Which cave has the most paintings from the Cro-Magnons? 3. Name a least three different foods that the Cro-Magnons ate.

15. Answers They had smaller jaws and noses than the previous early humans. The outline of their faces were also flatter. They didn’t have bulging jaws either. List at least one. Lascaux contains most of the paintings and carvings that the Cro-Magnons painted and carved. The Cro-Magnons ate food such as deer, rabbits, wooly mammoths, bears, and musk oxen's. They also had to find vegetables such as carrots, roots, beets, berries, celery, and cabbage. List at least three.

16. Endnotes • Kearns, Marsha, “Homo Sapien: Cro-Magnons,” Early Humans, Creative Teaching Press, CA,1993, pp. 88 -90. • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • “Otzi the Iceman,” Early Human Class Presentation by Lonnie Johnson on October 29, 2009. • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • Ibid, p • California Vistas Ancient Civilizations, Macmillan McGraw-Hill, NY, 2007, pp. Thanks For Watching

17. Bibliography California Visits Ancient Civilizations. Macmillan/MacGraw Hill: New York, NY, 2007. “Cro-Magnon.” Cro-Magnon. http://www.earlyhumans.mrdonn.org/. Kearns, Marsha.“Homo Habilis.” Early Humans. Creative Teaching Press: CA, 1993. “Otzithe Iceman.” Early Human Class Presentation by Lonnie Johnson on October 29, 2009.