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Ch 3 Notes

Ch 3 Notes. Mr. Russo Beaumont High School. Ch 3 Vocab Matrix – Pg 30. Igneous Rock Lava Magma Weathering Sediments Sedimentary Rock Metamorphic Rock Intrusive Igneous Extrusive Igneous Erosion Compaction Cementation. Objective – Notes Ch 3.1(Pg 32).

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Ch 3 Notes

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  1. Ch 3 Notes Mr. Russo Beaumont High School

  2. Ch 3 Vocab Matrix – Pg 30 • Igneous Rock • Lava • Magma • Weathering • Sediments • Sedimentary Rock • Metamorphic Rock • Intrusive Igneous • Extrusive Igneous • Erosion • Compaction • Cementation

  3. Objective – Notes Ch 3.1(Pg 32) • We will be able to describe how the 3 major types of rocks are formed

  4. Rock • Rock – A solid mass of mineral or mineral like matter that occurs naturally

  5. What are the 3 major types of rocks? • Igneous • Sedimentary • Metamorphic

  6. Igneous Rock • Igneous Rock – Igneous rock forms when molten rock (magma/lava) cools and becomes solid

  7. Magma • Magma – Molten rock below the surface

  8. Lava • Lava – Molten Rock above the surface

  9. Weathering / Sediments • Weathering – When rocks are broken down to bits and pieces • Sediments – The bits and pieces that occur due to weathering

  10. Sedimentary Rock • Sedimentary Rock – Rock that forms from sediments being compacted or cemented together

  11. Metamorphic Rock • Metamorphic Rock – Forms under intense heat and pressure

  12. Rock Cycle • Rock Cycle – The cycle that shows how rocks change from one type to another. • TAKES A VERY LONG TIME

  13. What powers the Earth’s Rock Cycle? • Igneous / Metamorphic Rock form due to the heat from the INTERIOR OF THE EARTH. • Sedimentary Rock forms due to weathering which is caused by THE SUN

  14. Objective – Notes 3.2 (Pg 35) • We will be able to describe the characteristics that differentiate intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks

  15. What does the Latin word “ignis” mean? • Ignis means Fire • Igneous rock comes from molten lava or magma (very hot)

  16. Intrusive Igneous • Intrusive Igneous – Rocks that cool or harden below the surface. • Common Example - Granite

  17. Extrusive Igneous • Extrusive Igneous Rocks – Rocks that cool or harden above the surface • Common Example - Rhyolite

  18. Question • Does magma form an extrusive or intrusive igneous rock? • Intrusive • Does lava form an extrusive or intrusive igneous rock? • Extrusive

  19. Characteristics - Igneous

  20. What igneous rock is made of magma? • How fast does intrusive rock cool? • What is the texture of a extrusive igneous rock?

  21. How does the rate of cooling affect the texture? • Cools very slow – Rough texture(coarse-grained) • Cools very fast – Smooth texture (fine-grained)

  22. Objective – Notes 3.3 (Pg 39) • We will be able to describe the relationship between compaction, cementing, clastic and chemical sedimentary rocks.

  23. Ch 3.3Erosion • Erosion – Weathering and removal of rock • Water, wind, ice, gravity

  24. Deposition • Deposition – When rock sediment is deposited into a new area • Largest sediments deposit first • Small sediments deposit last

  25. Compaction • Compaction – A process that squeezes or compacts sediments

  26. Cementation • Cementation – When dissolved minerals are deposited in the tiny spaces among the sediments (sediments are glued together)

  27. Clastic Sedimentary Rocks • Clastic sedimentary Rock – made of weathered bits of rock and minerals

  28. Chemical Sedimentary Rocks • Chemical Sedimentary Rock – Dissolved minerals become solid in water

  29. Are clastic sedimentary formed by compaction or cementing? Chemical sedimentary? • Clastic Sedimentary Rock – Compaction • Chemical Sedimentary Rock - Cementing

  30. What is unique of sedimentary rocks? • They give us clues to how, when and where the rock formed. • Bottom layers are the oldest layer • Top layer is the youngest layer

  31. What is unique of sedimentary rocks? • Fossils are only found in sedimentary rocks.

  32. Objective: 3.4 Notes (pg 42 ) • We will be able to describe the 2 types of metamorphic rocks and how they form

  33. Ch 3.4Metamorphism • Metamorphism – Existing rocks change by heat and pressure • Metamorphic rocks look much different than parent rock

  34. Where does most metamorphism take place? • High temperatures and pressure • A few kilometers (miles) below the surface

  35. Contact Metamorphism • Contact Metamorphism – Hot magma moves into rock

  36. Regional Metamorphism • Regional Metamorphism – Large scale deformation – mountain building

  37. What are the 3 agents of metamorphism? • Heat • Pressure • Hydrothermal solutions (Very hot liquids)

  38. Foliated metamorphic rocks • Foliated metamorphic Rocks – Metamorphic rocks with a layered or banded appearance

  39. Non-foliated metamorphic rocks • Non-foliated metamorphic rock – A metamorphic rock that does not have a banded texture. Ex-marble

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