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Special Senses: The Ear

Special Senses: The Ear. Functions of the Ear. Hearing Equilibrium (Balance). External Ear Anatomy. Involved in hearing only Pinna – traps sound Ear canal Lined with skin Ceruminous glands Tympanic Membrane. Middle Ear Anatomy. Tympanic cavity Eustachian tube Ossicles

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Special Senses: The Ear

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  1. Special Senses:The Ear

  2. Functions of the Ear • Hearing • Equilibrium (Balance)

  3. External Ear Anatomy • Involved in hearing only • Pinna – traps sound • Ear canal • Lined with skin • Ceruminous glands • Tympanic Membrane

  4. Middle Ear Anatomy • Tympanic cavity • Eustachian tube • Ossicles • Malleus (hammer) • Incus (anvil) • Stapes (stirrup)

  5. Inner Ear Anatomy • Organs for hearing and balance • Filled with perilymph • Cochlea • Vestibule • Semicircular canals

  6. Inside the Cochlea • Oval window • Organ of Corti • Endolymph • Hair cells • Membranes • Cochlear nerve • Round window

  7. Hearing • Pinna collects sound • Sound waves vibrate tympanic membrane (eardrum) • Eardrum movement is transferred to ossicles • Ossicles vibrate oval window of cochlea

  8. Hearing • Stapes vibrates the oval window. • Movement of oval window moves fluid in cochlea. • Fluid movement vibrates membranes in Organ of Corti • Membrane movement bends hairs • Bent hairs cause action potential

  9. Hearing • Action potential travel through auditory nerve to brain! • You hear something!

  10. Hearing

  11. Hearing

  12. Hearing Damage • Tinnitus • Deafness

  13. Cochlear Implants

  14. Balance • In the vestibule: • Endolymph • Hair cells • Otoliths • Senses head movement

  15. Balance and Motion • In semicircular canals: • Endolymph • Hair cells • Cupula • Senses acceleration

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