2 nd Nine Weeks Analyzing Persuasive Texts

1. 2nd Nine WeeksAnalyzing Persuasive Texts

2. Advertisers use different persuasive techniques to relate to different perspectives. Your perspective, point of view or the way you see things is influenced by several factors such as: Your personal experiences How your were raised What you have been exposed to What others feel around you How head strong or easily influenced you are

3. Epigraph: A quotation at the beginning of a work to introduce its theme. Ex: Mock on mock on; ‘tis all in vain! You throw the sand against the wind, And the wind throws it back again. --William Blake In the poem above by William Blake, mocking is considered useless in a sense that it will never affect anybody or anything. Aphorism: A concise statement of a general truth or principal Ex: “ A penny saved is a penny earned” Emerson: “Imitation is suicide”Franklin: “Lost Time is never Found again.”

4. Textual Evidence: Specific details or facts found in a text that support what is inferred. Ex: Support of a sentence from the text that proves your answer. Factual Claim: a statement that claims truth and contains no value language. It is a claim that is asserted to be a fact and is backed up by support. Common Place Assertion: a common unfounded belief ( if something is believed to be true my many people, then it must be true) Ex: Bandwagon The bandwagon technique appeals to the reader’s need to belong and to do what everyone is doing.

5. Opinion: Contains value language, emotions and feelings. Ex: My fifth period class is better than my seventh period class. • Rhetorical Fallacies: An argument that is not sound but may still be convincing. Fallacies get divided into three different forms.

6. Ethos Uses logic to reason with the reader or viewer. • Pathos Appeals to your emotions, will boost your self esteem, its good for you or it will make you feel or look better like this Activia ad.

7. LogosUses statistics, common sense and data to appeal to your logical side.

8. Leading Question: A question worded to suggest the desired response. Incorrect Premise: A faulty idea that is used as the foundation of an argument.

9. False Assumption: Flawed ideas that emerge when a reader pieces information together solely by inference and fails to consider other possible interpretations. Ex: 1. There is a cabin on the side of a mountain. Three people are inside and they are dead. How did they die? 2. It is a hot August afternoon. The location is the living room in an old Victorian mansion. The 7-foot window is open and the curtains are blowing in the breeze generated by the thunderstorm that just passed. On the floor lie the bodies of Bill and Monica. They are surrounded by puddles of water and broken glass. Please close your eyes and picture the scene. Now change the picture. Neither Bill nor Monica has any clothing on. How did they die?

10. Caricature: An exaggeration of the defects of a person or thing, either in picture or in words. They are meant to be funny and sometimes hurtful.

11. Bias: Prejudice or preconceived notion that causes a person to favor one person or side of the debate over another.

12. Loaded Term: A term or phrase that has strong emotional meaning and causes the reader to feel strongly (positively or negatively) beyond its specific meaning, which may then cause him or her to agree with the writer. • When a mother reads the word “groovy” in this ad for a popular kids’ lunch box food, what emotion do you think she will feel? • What could this feeling make her want to do?

19. p. 408 Complete the chart Textbooks pp. 409 What type of appeal is being used in the images and captions? How do you know? Do you think the ad is successful? Why? Why Not? Would you want to ride the train after reading this advertisement? List the words that appeal to the reader’s emotions. What improvements could you make on the ad? p. 410 List the useful information in this ad? List the emotional appeals contained in the ad? What incorrect premise is suggested in the ad? p. 411 What information does this ad display? Which type of logical fallacy is used in this ad? Does the image from a children’s story book appeal to the reader’s emotions? Create a public service announcement for the Ad. (pre-ap / tag) p. 412 What is the possible fallacy in using a celebrity for an ad? Can all conflicts be resolved?

20. Persuasion in Speeches (Modeled) Complete the chart as we read the speeches. What is the author’s claim? How does he support his claim throughout the speech? What loaded terms does he use? Write down one fact and one opinion on the first page? What is the main idea as stated in the first two paragraphs? P. 559 What point does the author make about how television becomes a profitable method of using advertisement? What sentences support his point? Answer the persuasive techniques question Answer the critical viewing question How does the author’s experience as a news paper reporter influence his opinions about the television news? How might the author use specific examples to support his opinion? What does the phrase “the machine gunning with scraps’ mean? (p. 560) Answer critical thinking questions. Answer chart on p.563 Pre-AP / TAG This persuasive speech was written before the internet was ever invented. How do you think the author would feel about the internet and other electronic devices in your current time. Create interview questions that would ask MacNeil? Pretend to be him and provide the answers to your interview questions.

21. Women’s Suffrage Movement Anticipation Guide Respond to the following statements in your notebook, then share your answers with your partner.

22. Persuasion in Speeches Complete the Open – Book Test with your partner. Women’s Suffrage Speech p. 566

23. Persuasive Speech Quiz Directions: Read the speech by Colin Powell on p. 576 – 578. Answer the multiple choice questions.

24. Perspective in Fiction • In My Brother Sam is Dead we see two different perspectives with regards to the war. Sam’s perspective is that war will bring freedom, whereas Dad’s perspective is that war is not worth it.

25. Perspective in Non-Fiction • Reporters, newspapers, and writers can infer their perspective by using loaded words, opinions, and other persuasive techniques to sway your understanding and opinion of the topic they are writing about.

26. Run up the score much? Jan 24, 04:02PM ET | By Melissa Jacobs ESPN W Would you consider a 108-3 victory in a high school girls' basketball game running up the score? I say it is, no matter what the winning coach says. No need to do a double take. That really was the score last week as Christian Heritage (Riverdale, Utah) defeated West Ridge Academy (West Jordan, Utah), a school with a motto of "We help teens with substance abuse or other difficulties." Christian Heritage coach Rob McGill apologized but suggested slowing down or playing a bit softer would have been more insulting. "I have been on the other side of this equation," McGill told ABC 4 in Salt Lake City. "It was very insulting when teams slowed the ball down and just passed it around. That's why I'd rather have a team play me straight up, and that's why I played them straight up. Because I didn't want to taunt them, I didn't want to embarrass them, I didn't want them to think we could do whatever we want." McGill clearly believes this ideology given that some of Christian Heritage's other recent victories have been by margins of 61, 56, and 54. Oh yeah, a score of 108-3 is not at all embarrassing. I don't know if McGill skipped the whole high school experience, but I know if my high school basketball team lost by 105 points we would have been laughingstocks (and the inspiration for many new parodies) for years to come. Honestly, this is the stuff that quitting and joining the badminton team is made of. West Ridge, for its part, did accept McGill's apology and say the team has moved on. Perhaps, based on the school's mission, there are more legitimate concerns than a lopsided basketball score. But for many in the sports community it's hard to fathom that score being acceptable. High school athletics are supposed to be about camaraderie, character building and sportsmanship, and running up a score accomplishes none of the above.

27. Pouring it on? Girls HS hoops team beats opponent 108-3 Rick Chandler Jan 25, 2011, 11:45 AM EST OK, we’re going to need your opinion here. It happened in Riverdale, Utah, where Christian Heritage High School’s girls varsity basketball team beat West Ridge Academy last week, 108-3. The result has ignited a big debate over when, and if, to show mercy in high school sports. Is there any excuse for a 105-point victory margin? And how did West Ridge get those three points? Halfcourt shot at the buzzer? Seems like it might have been a good day to call off the game and go hunting. From ABC4.com: The Crusaders say they weren’t deliberately trying to run up the score on West Ridge, a school for at-risk youth. In fact, Christian Heritage administrators apologized to West Ridge for the 105-point margin. However, McGill said it would have been more disrespectful if he had called off the dogs. “I have been on the other side of this equation,” said McGill. “It was very insulting when teams slowed the ball down and just passed it around. That’s why I’d rather have a team play me straight up, and that’s why I played them straight up. Because I didn’t want to taunt them, I didn’t want to embarrass them, I didn’t want them to think we could do whatever we want.” In 2009, Covenant School of Dallas, TX, beat Dallas Academy 100-0 in a varsity girls game, which resulted in all manner of media coverage, including a visit by the losing team to Good Morning America. Covenant actually ended up voluntarily forfeiting the win a few days later. This result seems to be a bit different, seeing that the winning team only had nine players, and never used a press. But still, there have to be ways to keep your team under a hundred, one would think. That score just doesn’t look good for anyone. Adding flavor to this stew of controversy is the fact that the winning team is a Christian high school. Is winning 108-3 part of God’s plan? When leading by 60, What Would Jesus Do?

28. Perspective in Non-Fiction • Article One • The reporter is obviously giving you her negative opinion of what happened and how she feels about it. She is very blunt about her opinion. • Even though she is a reporter, she is obviously commentating on the subject more than reporting facts and staying objective. • Article Two • The reporter seems to write all the facts from both sides of the story and then asks the readers to form an opinion. • But the author uses sarcastic questions to infer his own opinion of the topic. So even though he seems to be reporting, he too is commentating but in a sneaky way.

29. Perspective in Non-Fiction • What both articles failed to tell you is that the loosing team had lost all the games during their season by 38 points or more. • That the team was mostly made up of girls who had never played before. • That neither coach wanted to stop the game. • That they had already planned a rematch the week after. • Reporters and newspapers have an obligation to report the facts but they don’t have to report all of them. • If they control the information you know then they can sway you to think the way they want you to think

30. Good Readers 1. Most good readers will pick up 2-3 different reliable newspapers to read. 2. Then they are able to compare the information given in all three and have a more complete picture of the whole story.

31. Reliable Newspapers • USA Today • Wall Street Journal • New York Times • Los Angeles Times • The Florida Times-Union • New York Daily News • Washington Post • Daily News • Most book stores will carry the first three newspapers, which are the most popular and well established. • They normally have the best reporters and report on world news. • An objective report will answer the 5W’s and sometimes H. • A subjective report will give or infer the writers opinion.

33. Perspective in Non-Fiction • Most non-fiction articles or passages are meant to teach you or give you information about a person or topic. • Most non-fiction articles or passages are neutral, which means the writer does not infuse his/her opinion in any way. • On the TAKS test you will be asked perspective questions in several ways. • Emotional, positive and negative words are ways an author can infer their perspective. • Changing the tone in any way is another clue to the reader. • Loaded words are also things you need to look for.

34. Compare and Contrast Read the second article about Loughner and fill in the graphic organizer.

35. One Pager Choose one of the article to do a one pager on: 1. The biggest most important part of the paper should be your picture. It should be a creative display the main idea of the article. If your are not artistic make it something you can draw. Think outside the box. Must have the title, author, and date of article. Must have one or more important quotes from the article. Must have 3 higher level questions that you still have after reading the article. You must give an opinion of the article or summary. Must have color.

36. Persuasive Paper • Do you think that Laughner is insane and had no understanding of what he did, and should be put on trial and held accountable like a regular person? • Or, do you think that he is insane and should be allowed the insanity defense and be sent to hospital for treatment as opposed to jail or the death penalty? • Choose a side and write a persuasive paper arguing your perspective. 5 or more paragraphs.

37. Persuasive Paper • Should be 5 or more paragraphs. • 1st paragraph: Introduce your topic using a question or data. • 2nd – 4th paragraph: each paragraph should present a major point in your argument with quotes from the article to support it. • Final Paragraph: Should summarize your perspective and finalize what you think should happen to him. • Final draft must be typed.

38. Warm Up • In your journals write about one good thing and one bad thing that happened during Thanksgiving break.

39. Informational / Expository Texts The Reporter’s Formula • Good reporters ask questions. • Good writers anticipate and answer the readers’ questions. • Expository texts answers the five W’s.

40. Types of Expository Text • Informational: newspaper articles, science and history texts or passages, research reports. • Procedural: Instructions, How to manuals

41. Author’s Purpose • The purpose of an expository text is to inform, teach, or explain a topic or procedure.

42. Author’s Perspective • Some author’s can be objective and will write without reflecting their opinion of the topic they are writing about. They simply list the facts. • Other author’s use loaded words, that can hint their opinions, or feelings about what they are writing about.

43. Organization

44. Warm Up • How would you feel if you inadvertently ate a bug?

45. FDA Article Directions: 1. Read the article 2. Write how you feel about each paragraph in the margins. 3.Answer the questions in your journals. • What was the author’s purpose? • Circle the words that help you figure out the author’s perspective. • Use the chart in your journals to figure out which organizational style is being used.

47. Writing Assignment: Writing a Business letter • Vanessa Ortiz • 621 West 3rd Street. • Killeen, Texas 45123 • December 3, 2011 • Food and Drug Administration10903 New Hampshire AveSilver Spring, MD 20993-0002 • To Whom It May Concern: • On November 3, 2011, your company advertised a cold weather coat that guaranteed to protect sub-freezing temperatures. Even though it is now December, I request that you send me more information about the “Tough Wear Winter Coat” to the address listed above. • Thank you for your cooperation, and I look forward to your correspondence. • Sincerely, • Vanessa Ortiz Write a business letter to the FDA explaining your concerns or complaint about the article that you read and analyzed. Include 2-3 questions that you have for them.

48. Warm Up Did yesterday’s reading affect the way that you ate? How? Why? If you were in charge of the FDA, what could you do to prevent some of those things from happening?

49. Warm Up • Who is your favorite superhero character? Why?

50. Superhero Article • Read the article • Number the paragraphs • Underline the author’s claims • Place brackets [ ] around the support for each claim.