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Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Networks and Data Communications

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Networks and Data Communications. Sender. Signal. Receiver. Transmission medium. Communication. The transmission of a signal by way of a medium from sender to receiver. Communication Problems. Completeness & comprehension Attenuation & noises

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Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Networks and Data Communications

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  1. Chapter 1Introduction to Computer Networks and Data Communications

  2. Sender Signal Receiver Transmission medium Communication The transmission of a signal by way of a medium from sender to receiver

  3. Communication Problems • Completeness & comprehension • Attenuation & noises • Competing resources • Routing & addressing • Security

  4. Networks • Computer network • Voice network • Data network • Local area network • Metropolitan area network • Wide area network • Personal area network • Network management

  5. Data Communications • Data Communications: • The movement of computer information (data) from one point to another by means of electrical or optical transmission systems • Is a sub-field of telecommunications • Telecommunications: • Includes the transmission of voice and video as well as data

  6. Network Configurations • Microcomputer-to-local area network • Microcomputer-to-Internet • Local area network-to-local area network • Personal area network-to-workstation • Local area network-to-metropolitan area network • Local area network-to-wide area network • Wide area network-to-wide area network • Sensor-to-local area network • Satellite and microwave • Cell phones • Terminal/microcomputer-to-mainframe computer

  7. Convergence • An Additional Basic Connection – telephone-to-network • Telephone systems are ubiquitous and now carry more data than voice • Common configuration – telephone connected to POTS • Newer configuration (VoIP) – telephone-to-LAN via gateway or telephone to gateway via DSL/cable

  8. Network Components • Hardware • Computer • Network Interface Card (NIC) • Hub • Switch • Bridge • Router • Software • Network protocols

  9. Network Architectures • A reference model that describes the layers of hardware and software necessary to transmit data between two points or for multiple devices / applications to interoperate • Reference models are necessary to increase likelihood that different components from different manufacturers will converse • Two models to learn: OSI model and TCP/IP protocol suite

  10. Application (7) User input to host Presentation (6) Data coding, formatting Session (5) Begin, frames, end, rules Transport (4) End-to-end delivery Network (3) Message routing Datalink (2) Frame formatting, error Physical (1) Physical connections The OSI Model

  11. Application Presentation Session Transport Network Datalink Physical OSI vs. The Internet Application Application Transport Transport Network Network Interface Network Access Physical

  12. Application Application Presentation Presentation Session Session Transport Transport Network Network Datalink Datalink Physical Physical Logical vs. Physical Connection

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