Taxonomic Classification Day 1

1. Taxonomic Classification Day 1 Ms. Steiner’s Pre-AP Bio UTeach Teacher: Mr. Schocken If you don’t use the name on your nametag… just ask for a new one!

2. Our Agenda Entry Challenge K/NTK Sheets Group Formation/Contracts Group K/NTK & Class K/NTK Shoe Classification Activity Brief PPT w/ Outline Group Research Time Last Question & HW

3. Our Agenda Entry Challenge K/NTK Sheets Group Formation/Contracts Group K/NTK & Class K/NTK Shoe Classification Activity Brief PPT w/ Outline Group Research Time Last Question & HW

4. Entry Challenge/Discussion THE QUESTION: WHAT IS MISSING FROM THIS PICTURE? Think about: How do you know if an environment is healthy or not?

5. Is determining environmental health important?

6. Your Driving Question How can the classification of aquaticinvertebrates help us determine stream health in our area?

7. Group Formations This will be your group for today and the next 3 times we meet! GROUP 1 ………………………………….. Orange Circle GROUP 2 ………………………………….. Gold Star GROUP 3 ………………………………….. Green Star GROUP 4 ………………………………….. Silver Star GROUP 5 ………………………………….. Blue Star GROUP 6 ………………………………….. Red Star

8. Group Formations & Contracts • Come up with a group name! • Must be appropriate & bio-related –get creative! 2) Fill out Group Contract Form – 5 minutes Split Point Activity… Group contracts and items can be stored in your manila folder

9. How can the classification of aquaticinvertebrates help us determine stream health in our area?

10. Shoe Classification Activity INSTRUCTIONS • In a clear area, sit in a circle with your group with each person putting their shoe towards the middle. • Discuss what questions you would need to ask in order to classify each shoe as that particular type of shoe. • You will construct your own classification scheme for shoes and rotate to examine others & comment.

11. Shoe Images

12. How do we know what is what? • TAXONOMY: The scientific discipline which classifies organisms and assigns each one a universally accepted name • How do you think scientists are able to classify so many different organisms?

13. Drosophila melanogaster Classification Example

14. Naming Organisms Example of original classification: Plantagofoliisovato-lanceolatuspubescentibus, spicacylindrica, scapotereti (Plantain with pubescent ovate-lanceolate leaves, a cylindric spike and a terete scape), which we know today as Plantago media.

15. Naming Organisms • This naming system is OLD! • Developed by Carolus Linnaeus in the 1700s • Binomial Nomenclature • Use of latin names, which should always be italicized (Ex. Drosophila melanogaster, D. melanogaster) • What does each term represent?

16. Naming Organisms • This naming system is OLD! • Developed by Carolus Linnaeus in the 1700s • Binomial Nomenclature • Use of latin names, which should always be italicized (Ex. Drosophila melanogaster, D. melanogaster) • What does each term represent? • Genus species

17. How Do We Choose What to ‘Key’? • Your friend tells you that he or she has keyed out a Helix aspersa from a tree near their house, what do they mean? • The process of choosing or creating a dichotomous key involves separating organisms based on particular features… what does this word mean to you?

18. Basic Dichotomous Key Example

19. Basic Dichotomous Key Example What about in populations that appear similar? There are so many similarities…. but also so many choices! *

20. Shoes & Dichotomous Keys • Was our shoe key dichotomous? • How do we relate shoes to our driving question? • What would you think if you walked into your closet for sandals and found that all you had were snow shoes?

21. Open Research Time – Internet Access Choose in your group who will be responsible for investigating these two questions (3 members for A, 2 for B). • Describe one way we might be able to answer the driving question? (with experimental detail) • Why is classification important to the scientific community? (What are the uses?/ WHO CARES?) Add your group answers to the back of your K/NTK Sticky! Include Split Point Analysis for today

22. Individual Question What do you think is the best way to answer the driving question as of right now? Answer on an index card and turn in – 3 min.

23. Homework for Friday – Part of Final Project Grade Choose one aquatic invertebrate that can be found in streams (Ex. Mayflies, Stoneflies, Leeches, Water Pennies, Hellgrammites…) Investigate and report the characteristics of this organism, including discussion of what its presence or absence means for stream health. Picture & Paragraph

24. Taxonomic Classification Day 2 Ms. Steiner’s Pre-AP Bio UTeach Teacher: Mr. Schocken If you need a new name tent for any reason, just ask!

25. Agenda Today Warm-Up Worksheet K/NTK Class List Checkup Homework Gallery Things To Consider In The Field / Biotic Index Fieldwork Demonstration & Rubric Discussion Open Time: Fieldwork Materials, Workshop, Dichotomous Key Creation Challenge & Presentations Assessment & S.P.A. (Both days)

26. How can the classification of aquaticinvertebrates help us determine stream health in our area?

27. On Site Observations Not only should we identify organisms, but also pay attention some physical parameters of the stream itself…. Stream Bottom Aquatic Vegetation Channel Structure Synthetic Structures Riparian Zone

28. Stream Bottom & Vegetation Any woody debris or dead leaves? General color of the stream? Opaque, clear, or in-between? Describe any plant life you can find in the water.

29. Riparian Zone

30. Channel Structure Is the channel straight or meandering back and forth? Riffle, pool, or run?

31. Synthetic Structures VS. Take note of any construction, sports fields, or other anthropomorphic effects

32. How can the classification of aquaticinvertebrates help us determine stream health in our area?

33. Biotic Index Calculations Number of total organisms identified / 10 = X Sum of Tolerance Values = Y Y/X = Z If Z > 79, Water Quality is…………….. EXCELLENT If Z is between 60-79 ……………………GOOD If Z is between 40-59 ……………………FAIR If Z is <40 ……………………………………..POOR

34. Biotic Index Calculations EXAMPLE: You collect 7 Stonefly nymphs 10 Caddisfly larva 2 Aquatic Worms 2 Crayfish 8 Dragonfly nymphs 1 Mayfly nymph Is your sample site ‘healthy’? X = Y = Z = Water Quality is __________ Number of total organisms identified / 10 = X Sum of Tolerance Values = Y Y/X = Z If Z > 79, Water Quality is…… EXCELLENT If Z is between 60-79 ……………………GOOD If Z is between 40-59 ……………………FAIR If Z is <40 ……………………………………..POOR

35. Biotic Index Calculations EXAMPLE: You collect 7 Stonefly nymphs 10 Caddisfly larva 2 Aquatic Worms 2 Crayfish 8 Dragonfly nymphs 1 Mayfly nymphs Is your sample site ‘healthy’? X = 3 Y = 240 Z = 80 Water Quality is EXCELLENT! Number of total organisms identified / 10 = X Sum of Tolerance Values = Y Y/X = Z If Z > 79, Water Quality is…… EXCELLENT If Z is between 60-79 ……………………GOOD If Z is between 40-59 ……………………FAIR If Z is <40 ……………………………………..POOR

36. OPEN TIME Your group can decide how use this time to gain information on how to answer your driving question: • Become familiar with field materials • Up To 8 people can sign up for a Workshop • Hear from an expert in the field • Discuss adaptations, molecular evidence relating to evolution • Dichotomous Key for Aquatic Inverts Challenge & Presentation

37. Workshop: Keys & Phylogeny Quick Read – Andrew’s Story Phylogenetic Trees Molecular Evidence, What Do Adaptations Mean?

38. Phylogenetic Trees

39. Monitoring DNA

40. What Can Adaptations Tell Us About the Environment? What kind of adaptation is it? Would using adaptations to make evolutionary trees be morphological or molecular? What other information can we get from organisms that we may not be able to get from a chemical analysis?