14.1 Americans Move Westward

1. 14.1 Americans Move Westward Main Idea During the early 1800’s, a flood of settlers pushed the frontier ever farther to the West. Why It Matters Now The infrastructure created assisted the movement of people, trade and the economy.

2. Standards • 8.6.2 Outline the physical obstacles to and the economic and political factors involved in building a network of roads, canals, and railroads (e.g., Henry Clay’s American System). • 8.9.5 Analyze the significance of the States’ Rights Doctrine, the Missouri Compromise (1820), the Wilmot Proviso (1846), and the Compromise of 1850, Henry Clay’s role in the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850, the Kansas- Nebraska Act (1854), the Dred Scott v. Sanford decision (1857), and the Lincoln-Douglas debate (1858).

3. Essential Questions • In which ways did the building of better roads and canals (Erie Canal and the National Road) help the nation grow? • What were the main points of the Missouri Compromise and how did it resolve a conflict between the North and South?

4. Quick Write • “You are a recent European immigrant who just arrived to New York Harbor. What are your plans, will you stay and work in the cities or head south or west and become a farmer. What do you look forward in the future?”

5. Western Expansion • Land and economic opportunity. • Manifest Destiny. -belief that the U.S. should extend from ocean to ocean. • Large numbers of settlers moved toward the western frontier.

7. Moving West • Daniel Boone an early pioneer helped clear Wilderness road. -Cumberland Gap. -Crossed Appalachian Mtns. into Kentucky.

8. A Growing Population • From 1792-1819 what eight states joined the Union (United States)?

9. Roads and Turnpikes • Turnpikes are toll roads. • Amer. Gov. and private investors help built network of roads. -Had to pay to travel on it. • What are corduroy roads? • Used on marshy land.

10. National Road • Cumberland Rd. • 1838, extends from MD to IL. • Infrastructure.

11. Canals • A channel that is dug across land and filled with water (man-made river). • Other states build 3,000 miles of canals by 1837.

13. Erie Canal • Links Lake Erie to the Hudson River. -Great Lakes to the Atlantic.

14. Slave and Free States • How many free states were there and how many slave states in 1819? • Missouri wanted to be admitted as what kind of state? • Northern states worried that the south would have too much power in Congress and spread of slavery.

15. Missouri Compromise, 1820 • When terr. pop. reaches 60,000 may apply for statehood. • Henry Clay was a senator who persuaded Congress to approve the Missouri Compromise.

16. Preserved balance between slave and free states. -Maine: Free, Missouri: Slave. -South of 36*30’ line allows slavery to be legal. -Allowed slave owners to pursue escaped fugitive slaves into “Free regions.”

18. A Continuing Problem • The Missouri compromise revealed deep divisions between the North and the South over the issue of slavery.

19. Essential Questions • In which ways did the building of better roads and canals (Erie Canal and the National Road) help the nation grow? (pg. 276-277) • What were the main points of the Missouri Compromise and how did it resolve a conflict between the North and South? (pg. 278)

20. WHAT/WHY IMPORTANT/AS A RESULT Vocabulary Chart • Manifest Destiny • Missouri Compromise

21. Primary Source and Questions pg. 628 • Primary source: Fredrika Bremer, “A Day Among the Swedes at Pine Lake”, on textbook pg. 628.

22. Study Guide pg. 123 • Copy and complete the study guide pg. 123. • Use the text book pg. 275-279 and notes to complete