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The Fundamentals of Lighting Design

The Fundamentals of Lighting Design. We Will Discuss…. What a LD needs to know to design a show What a LD can control with light How to unify the them. In order to be a good Lighting Designer…. The NUMBER ONE job of a Lighting Designer is to see the action on stage.

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The Fundamentals of Lighting Design

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  1. The Fundamentals of Lighting Design

  2. We Will Discuss… • What a LD needs to know to design a show • What a LD can control with light • How to unify the them

  3. In order to be a good Lighting Designer…

  4. The NUMBER ONE job of a Lighting Designer is to see the action on stage

  5. You must understand the total design effort and pull all the visual elements together

  6. The Lighting Designer is the ONLY Designer who does not make an advance statement in VISUAL Terms

  7. A Costumer has sketches and swatches

  8. A Scenic Designer has models and drawings

  9. But all a Lighting Designer has is the Light Plot

  10. A Lighting Designer MUST understand…

  11. What will happen with… • Fabric • Make-up • Scene Painting • Color and how to use it effectively • Directorial Concepts • Script Demands (Practicals, Lightning, Fog, Fire, etc)

  12. Everything we see on stage can be DESTROYED by Poor Lighting!

  13. A Comedy that’s too Dark

  14. A Drama that’s too Bright

  15. A Lighting Designer must place emphasis on where they wish to place Focus

  16. They must be aware of Light and how it can be used effectively for the production

  17. There are 4 FACTORS that can be controlled by the Lighting Designer

  18. The 4 Factors of Lighting • Intensity • Color • Movement • Distribution

  19. Intensity • How bright is the lighting instrument • Too much light is always better than not enough • Usually controlled by a Dimmer • Various lights set at various levels creates a lighting cue

  20. Color • Color is subjective - it means different things to different people • Color can reflect mood

  21. RED HOT ANGER LOVE WAR WARMTH

  22. BLUE SKY WATER RESTRAINT COOL SERIOUS

  23. AMBER HOME WARMTH HEARTH COMFORT

  24. GREEN EARTH GREED MONEY RESTFULNESS

  25. Color • A Light with no gel is referred to as white light • White light contains all colors of the spectrum - ROYGBIV • Using gel is a SUBTRACTIVE process because we SUBTRACT the unwanted color • If we ADD a RED gel over a GREEN gel what will happen?

  26. Mixing Colors in the AIR is called ADDITIVE COLOR MIXING

  27. MAGENTA BLUE & RED MAKE…

  28. CYAN BLUE & GREEN MAKE…

  29. AMBER RED & GREEN MAKE…

  30. ? ADDITIVE COLOR WHEEL

  31. You can also create white light by mixing complementary colors

  32. Color selection is one of the most difficult choices for a Lighting Designer to learn.

  33. Let’s play with COLOR! http://www.cbu.edu/~jvarrian/applets/color1/colors_g.htm

  34. Movement • Duration of Light Ques and the duration of NO movement between Ques - This creates the play’s rhythm • Movement of ONSTAGE light (Lanterns, flashlights, candles…) • Movement of OFFSTAGE light (Followspots, Headlights, Fire…)

  35. Distribution • Quality or type of light - “What instrument do I choose to do the job?” • Direction of light - “What direction do I want the light to come from?”

  36. Types of Lighting Instruments • Fresnel • Ellipsoidal Reflector Spotlight • Par Can • Strip Light

  37. Types of Lighting Instruments • Fresnel • Named after the lens usedin lighthouses • Soft pool of light • Used for wash light • Can use barndoors

  38. Types of Lighting Instruments • Ellipsoidal ReflectorSpotlight • Named for reflector type • Hard edged light • Can be shuttered • Can use gobos

  39. Types of Lighting Instruments • Parcan • Blob of light • “Blob” can be spun • Inexpensive light • Used in Rock and Roll

  40. Types of Lighting Instruments • Striplights • Sheets of light • Usually comes in 3 or 4 circuits • Used to light cycloramas

  41. 4 Major Directions of Light • Front • Side • Down • Back

  42. When all four directions are used together we achieve PLASTIC EXPRESSION

  43. A good Lighting Designer manipulates each factor of lighting to create a unified design that will enhance the costumes, scenery and actors.

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