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CH10 Cell Reproduction

CH10 Cell Reproduction. Why Cells Reproduce. Growth of the organism Replace old or damaged cells Maintain cell size Reduce size of cell as it grows Surface area – to – volume ratio. Chromosomes. Made up of organized and packaged DNA D eoxyribo n ucleic A cid

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CH10 Cell Reproduction

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  1. CH10 Cell Reproduction

  2. Why Cells Reproduce • Growth of the organism • Replace old or damaged cells • Maintain cell size • Reduce size of cell as it grows • Surface area – to – volume ratio

  3. Chromosomes • Made up of organized and packaged DNA • Deoxyribonucleic Acid • 2m of DNA in one cell (almost 2000 miles of DNA) • genes are segments of DNA (code RNA & Proteins)

  4. In Text Pg 225

  5. Terms to know • Chromatin • DNA and proteins • Nucleosome • Pattern of DNA and proteins together • Histone • Protein what DNA winds around • Chromatid (s) (Sister – identical pair) • Made up of one strand of DNA • Centromere • Holds chromatids together

  6. A Comparison

  7. Preparing for Cell Division • DNA must be copied, sorted, separated • Organelles, in eukaryotes, must be duplicated • Prokaryotes go through binary fission

  8. Eukaryotic Cell Division • Cell Cycle • Repeating sequence of events that occur during the life cycle of a cell • Growth • DNA replication • Division of the nucleus and cytoplasm

  9. Cell Cycle • Interphase consist of the 1st three • G1 (Cell growth) • organelles made • S (Synthesis) • DNA duplicated • G2 (Growth and preparation) • Microtubules form • Mitosis (Nucleus Divides) • Cytokinesis (Cytoplasm Divides)

  10. Interphase • Time in this phase varies • Controlled by signals from proteins and environment • G1 and G2 check points • Determine if cell healthy for division • Checks for mistakes in DNA copies

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