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Detection of melamine in milk

Detection of melamine in milk. Nai -Yuan Liu Chem 4101 12/13/2011. What Is Melamine?. IUPAC name:1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine Uses: a very durable thermosetting plastic used in Formica, and melamine foam, a polymeric cleaning product. High nitrogen content: contains 66% nitogen by mass

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Detection of melamine in milk

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  1. Detection of melamine in milk Nai-Yuan Liu Chem 4101 12/13/2011

  2. What Is Melamine? • IUPAC name:1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine • Uses: a very durable thermosetting plastic used in Formica, and melamine foam, a polymeric cleaning product. • High nitrogen content: contains 66% nitogen by mass • Outbreak in China, 2008:A company induce melamine into milk causing death of several infants.

  3. More Information • According to WHO, the tolerable daily intake (TDI) of melamine is 0.2 mg per kg of body mass. • According to the regulation in China, the amount lower than 2.5ppm in milk product is permitted. • Ingesting excessive melamine leads to kidney lithiasis and makes it more possible to have malignant tumor inside kidney. • High nitrogen content sometimes misleads the detection of protein in food product by the commonly used standard test.

  4. Analytical Problem • Hypothesis:Company X induce melamine in their milk product and its amount exceeds the permitted standard. • Importance of solving problem:Finding an easy, efficient and reproductive way to be a good food control process.

  5. Choice of Technique: HPLC/UV • Good reproductivity • Not labor intensive • Efficient • Cheap • Low detection limit • Simple method for preparing liquid milk

  6. Other Techniques Can be Used

  7. Instrumental • DionexUltiMate® 3000 HPLC system (1200 USD): consisted of an HPG-3400A pump, WPS-3000TSL autosampler, TCC-3000 thermostated column compartment, and VWD-3400RS UV-VIS detector. • HPLC:Chromatographic conditions

  8. Procedure • Measure approximately 10mL of Samples into 15-mL centrifuge tubes, dilute it with 1 mL dilute HAc (3%, v/v), and store it at 4 °C for at least 30 min. • Prepare spiked samples adding 40 μL of the stock standard solution of melamine to the 15-mL centrifuge tubes together with the measured sample, and then following the step above. • Run both samples and spiked samples through UV-VIS UltiMate® 3000 HPLC system. • Detect at 240nm.

  9. Data Analysis • Compare the samples to spiked sample results to determine the melamine peak. • Calculate the area of the peak to determine the amount of melamine. • Compare the amount of melamine in milk samples to the permitted amount.

  10. Example Result Figure 1. Comparison between samples and spike samples. Upper is the sample and lower line is the spiked sample. Figure 2. Samples containing melamine. Upper line is for sample A. Lower line is for sample B

  11. Conclusion • Quantitative detection of melamine can be done fast and easy by using HPLC/UV. • This method can be commonly used as a standard test of melamine to avoid deadly milk product goes into market.

  12. Reference • A Fast Method for Determination of Melamine in Liquid Milk and Milk Powder by HPLC With UV Detection by Lang Li, JiLuo, QunXu, Jeff Rohrer, and Scott Lefferts • A rapid, acetonitrile-free, HPLC method for determination of melamine in infant formula Gopalakrishnan Venkatasami, John R. Sowa Jr. ∗Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University • Rapid Determination of Melamine in Liquid Milk and Milk Powder by HPLC on the Acclaim Mixed-Mode WCX-1 Column with UV Detection • Determination of Melamine in Food by SPE and CZE with UV Detection, Liang Meng, GuijunShen, XiaolanHou, Lili Wang, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, 116622 Dalian, People’s Republic of China • Detection of Melamine in Milk Products by Surface Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry Shuiping Yang, JianhuaDing, JianZheng, Bin Hu, Jianqiang Li, Huanwen, Chen, Zhiquan, Zhou, and XiaolinQiao.

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