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How could such a situation develop in one of the most advanced countries in the world?

How could such a situation develop in one of the most advanced countries in the world? What could make people angry enough to behead others and then carry their heads on poles? How successful could a revolution of peasants be?.

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How could such a situation develop in one of the most advanced countries in the world?

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  1. How could such a situation develop in one of the most advanced countries in the world? What could make people angry enough to behead others and then carry their heads on poles? How successful could a revolution of peasants be? Warm-Up:The French RevolutionRead the paragraph on the left and answer the questions on the right. • You are returning home from a bakery that is out of bread- again. You have no food to take to your starving children. You are desperate. • Suddenly you turn a corner and come upon the king’s palace. King Louis and his wife are living there in luxury while your children and most of your fellow citizens are starving. You see a mob surrounding the palace, demanding food and relief from heavy taxes. They have turned violent.

  2. Unit 11 Vocabulary • Regime: the current system of government of a country • Radical: Europeans who favored drastic political change • Conservative: Europeans who favored a traditional government, with few changes

  3. The French Revolution (1789 – 1815) Ch. 22

  4. Setting the Stage… • France was the most advanced country of Europe in the 1700s • Center of Enlightenment • Large population • Prosperous foreign trade • Behind the scenes: • High prices, high taxes, questions raised by the Enlightenment

  5. The Old Regime: Social Classes of France • First Estate • Clergy of the Roman Catholic Church • Less than 1% of population • Owned 10% of land • Paid 2% of income in taxes

  6. Second Estate: Second Estate Rich nobles 2% of population Owned 20% of land Paid no taxes

  7. Third Estate: Third Estate Bourgeoisie (merchants, artisans); Urban workers; Peasant farmers 98% of population Paid 50% of income in taxes Believed in Enlightenment ideas

  8. Women of the Revolution

  9. Forces of Change Leading to Revolution… • Enlightenment Ideas: • Questioned equality, liberty, and democracy • Inspired by the American Revolution • Economic Woes: • Taxes; high cost of living; bad weather; high price of bread; govt. debt • Social Divisions: • Huge gap between the rich and poor • A Weak Leader: • Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette

  10. Chapter 23 Section 2 Revolution Brings Reform and Terror

  11. The Assembly Begins to Reform France… National Assembly Made up of the Third Estate Demands rights and makes laws Declaration of the Rights of Man Influenced by Enlightenment and the Declaration of Independence Natural rights of liberty, property, security and resistance to oppression King Louis XVI tried to flee France with his family but was caught

  12. New Government of France: The National Assembly created a limited constitutional monarchy King has executive power and enforces laws The Legislative Assembly created laws approved war

  13. War and Extreme Measures Austria and Prussia proposed France put King Louis back on the throne The Legislative Assembly declared war on Austria Prussia threatened to destroy Paris if the royal family was harmed French stormed the palace of Tuileriesand imprisoned King Louis and Marie Antoinette

  14. Storming of Tulieries1792

  15. Execution of the King National Convention declared France a republic (no more monarchy) King Louis XVI was tried for treason and found guilty Sentenced to death by the guillotine

  16. Dr. Guillotine & more humane punishment

  17. The Reign of Terror: 1793-1794Maximilien Robespierre Ruled as a dictator for nearly a year Had 40,000 people killed by the guillotine for any reason; 85% were peasants Most famous execution was of Marie Antoinette Reorganized the workweek & calendar Goal was to end any control of aristocrats 1794: Robespierre executed

  18. Histeria's The French Revolution - YouTube Histeria: French Revolution Video

  19. In Depth Look at the Guillotine:Notebook Activity: Spiralpg. 25 Right side • Textbook pg. 581 • Answer the following questions in your spiral: • What earlier forms of punishment did France use before the Guillotine? • Dr. Guillotine claimed his invention was not a cruel form of punishment, why? • How long could a victim’s head retain its hearing and eyesight? • How many people were executed in the last 132 days of the Reign of Terror? • Which social class suffered the most beheadings? • How long was a victim paraded through the city streets before their execution?

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