Air Pollution, Waste Generation & Disposal Review

1. Air Pollution, Waste Generation & Disposal Review Chapter 15 and Chapter 16 APES 2019 Tropospheric Ozone Clip Stratospheric Ozone Clip

2. Chapter 15 Air Pollution Review 2019

3. Multiple choice answers pages 432-433 Chapter 15, Air Pollution, answers. 1 C 2 D 3 A 4 E 5 C 6 D 7 E 8 B 9 C 10 B 11 A • A • C • E • B • B • C • D

4. Source Halle Edwards blog.prepscholar.com

5. Source Halle Edwards blog.prepscholar.com

6. Surface area – both the salt lick and the crushed salt have the same mass (4 lbs), which has a greater surface area?

7. Surface area – both the salt lick and the crushed salt have the same mass (4 lbs), which has a greater surface area? The crushed salt.

8. What is the definition of an air pollutant?

9. What is the definition of an air pollutant? the introduction of chemicals, particulates, biological materials, or other harmful materials into the Earth's atmosphere, possibly causing disease or visual impairment.

10. What is the difference between a primary pollutant and a secondary pollutant?

11. What is the difference between a primary pollutant and a secondary pollutant? Primary pollutants come from the source, secondary pollutants mix with water or air to form another chemical.

12. Identify one natural source of air pollution and one anthropogenic source of air pollution found in this picture.

13. Identify one natural source of air pollution and one anthropogenic source of air pollution found in this picture. Natural-volcano or plants, Man made – factory or car

14. Identify the abbreviations CO, O3, CO2 and SO2 found in the diagram below.

15. Identify CO, O3, CO2 and SO2 in the diagram below. Carbon Monoxide, Ozone, Carbon Dioxide, and Sulfur Dioxide

16. Explain why more car traffic usually leads to higher ozone levels, yet ozone is not produced during combustion of fossil fuels.

17. Explain why more car traffic usually leads to higher ozone levels, yet ozone is not produced during combustion of fossil fuels. Ozone is formed when the nitrous oxides formed during combustion mixes with the VOCs in the troposphere during the day.

18. What are some of the human health effects associated with tropospheric ozone?

19. What are some of the human health effects associated with tropospheric ozone? Decreased lung capacity, asthma, burning eyes and throat, weaker pulmonary function, decreased visibility,

20. How can you reduce the amount of ozone/smog in the troposphere?

21. How can you reduce the amount of ozone/smog in the troposphere? Use catalytic converters to absorb nitrogen oxides, reduce VOCs in paint and glues, improve gase mileage of cars, use public transportation

22. How is carbon monoxide formed and why is it considered an air pollutant?

23. How is carbon monoxide formed and why is it considered an air pollutant? Carbon monoxide is formed during combustion. It is an air pollutant because it binds more tightly to hemoglobin in red blood cells than oxygen.

24. What gases are prevented from entering the troposphere by catalytic converters

25. What gases are prevented from entering the troposphere by catalytic converters. Nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons

26. What tropospheric gas is used to kill bacteria in sewage treatment plants (tertiary treatment)?

27. What tropospheric gas is used to kill bacteria in sewage treatment plants (tertiary treatment)? Ozone

28. How can you reduce smog associated with cars?

29. How can you reduce smog associated with cars? Use catalytic converters, VOC traps on gas pumps, increase gas mileage, reduce idling time, smog checks and use public transportation.

30. What are particulates and how do they get in the air?

31. What are particulates and how do they get in the air? Particulates are formed from combustion (ash), volcanoes, tree pollen, or the crushing of material (dust). Wind can blow particulates around.

32. What are some of the human health effects associated with particulate forms of air pollution?

33. What are some of the human health effects associated with particulate forms of air pollution? Respiratory problems, eye irritation, asthma

34. Nitrogen Oxides Carbon Monoxide Particulates Sulfur Dioxide What process is the biggest contributer to carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and particulates to the air?

35. Nitrogen Oxides Carbon Monoxide Particulates Sulfur Dioxide What process is the biggest contributer to carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and particulates to the air? CARS

36. Nitrogen Oxides Carbon Monoxide Particulates Sulfur Dioxide What process is the biggest contributer to sulfur dioxide to the air?

37. Nitrogen Oxides Carbon Monoxide Particulates Sulfur Dioxide What process is the biggest contributer to sulfur dioxide to the air? Electricity generation (coal)

38. What sized particulates are the most hazardous to human health?

39. What sized particulates are the most hazardous to human health? The smaller the particulate, the more damage it can cause. <2.5 micro meters.

40. A particulate of cement dust is 25 microns. How many centimeters in diameter is the particulate?

41. A particulate of cement dust is 25 microns. How many centimeters in diameter is the particulate? 1 micron is 1 X 10-6 meters

42. Why are the cities of Los Angeles, Chattanooga and Salt Lake City more prone to smog than other cities?

43. Why are the cities of Los Angeles, Chattanooga and Salt Lake City more prone to smog than other cities? All 3 have a large car driving population and are surrounded by mountains that allow for the formation of temperature inversions.

44. Name a pungent, brownish gas involved in the formation of smog.

45. Name a pungent, brownish gas involved in the formation of smog. Nitrogen dioxide

46. What global wind would carry the smog from Beijing, China to California?

47. What global wind would carry the smog from Beijing, China to California? Westerlies

48. Name a primary pollutant that rhymes with vocs and contributes to smog formation

49. Name a primary pollutant that rhymes with vocs and contributes to smog formation. NOx

50. At which location is ozone considered a pollutant, the troposphere or the stratosphere?