1 / 15

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HIV AND HPV INFECTION

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HIV AND HPV INFECTION. Dr. T L MSIBI Department of O&G University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus). Importance of HPV and HIV Co-infection. Cervical cancer and HIV are major public health issues

kimi
Download Presentation

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HIV AND HPV INFECTION

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HIV AND HPV INFECTION Dr. T L MSIBI Department of O&G University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus)

  2. Importance of HPV and HIV Co-infection • Cervical cancer and HIV are major public health issues • There are significant clinical implications of HPV induced cervical cancer in HIV infected patients

  3. HPV Virology • Non-enveloped dsDNA • Early genes (E6 & E7) are implicated in cancer • Transmitted by direct contact • Infects epithelial cells

  4. HPV Associated Conditions • Epithelia dysplasia and cancer • (genital, anal, oropharynx) • Benign lesions • genitalia (condylomata acuminata) • larynx (recurrent respiratory papillomatosis)

  5. HOST IMMUNITY : • INNATE IMMUNITY (phagocytes, cytokines, complements, & Epithelia barriers). • 1st line • No memory • Activate adaptive immunity via antigen presenting cell ( dendritic/ langerhans cells). • ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY • Cellular (Natural killer cells, Cytotoxic CD8 cells, Macrophages). • Humoral (Memory cells & Plasma cells (secretes antibodies).

  6. HIV • HIV infects CD4+ T-helper cells • Suppress CMI • Favour opportunistic infections especially intracellular organisms

  7. HPV in HIV-Infected Patients • 4x increased risk of HPV infection • multiple subtypes • more oncogenic • multifocal infection in the anogenital area • persists longer

  8. Cervical Cancer in HIV-Infected Patients • Lesions tend to be high grade • a shortened interval between infection and invasive cancer. • High rates of recurrence • poorer prognosis

  9. Cervical Cancer in HIV-Infected Patients • tends to be more advanced • occur in younger women • Tends to spread to unusual sites • Increased incidence of death. Mothshedisi and sebitloane. Best Practice & research clinical Obstetrics and gynaecology. April 2005.

  10. Why HPV Persists? • Replicate in keratinocytes which are “programmed to die” (squames) • Thus viral release does not provoke inflammation. • Inhibits of Interferon synthesis and signaling • delayed activation of adaptive immune response • Compromised immune surveillance (Cell mediated immunity is suppressed in non-regressing cells) [MAGARET STANLEY. IMMUNE RESPONSE TO HPV. VACCINE 24s1 (2006)]

  11. Effect of HIV on HPV • Persistent of HPV is due to immune evasion • Stronger immune response is necessary for HPV clearance • HIV- suppress the immune response thereby increase the risk of HPV infection and persistence

  12. Direct molecular interaction • HIV-1 tat (transactivator protein) enhances E2 dependent HPV 16 transcription. • Implication for pathogenesis not yet clear

  13. Effect of HPV on HIV infection • HPV induces production of immune and inflammatory factors that enhance HIV expression (Julia R Cage. Obstetrics & Gynaecology, December 2000).

  14. Future Perspectives • As long as HIV persists in the community HPV complications will prevail • Further surveillance and research should be enhanced to improve the clinical management of cervical cancer

More Related