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Roadblocks

Roadblocks. This is a seizure with little or no individualized suspicion; thus, the 4A question is when are such seizures “reasonable?”. A roadblock of which the purpose is to get drunk drivers off the roads is constitutional. Michigan v. Sitz (1990)

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Roadblocks

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  1. Roadblocks This is a seizure with little or no individualized suspicion; thus, the 4A question is when are such seizures “reasonable?”

  2. A roadblock of which the purpose is to get drunk drivers off the roads is constitutional Michigan v. Sitz (1990) • Why? Because the state’s interest in getting drunk drivers off the roads >intrusion on motorists [= balancing test] • Roadblock advances that interest • The intrusion is brief, limited • The roadblock is systematic; does not rely on police discretion about whom to stop

  3. Roadblock for the purpose of general crime control is unconstitutional Indianapolis v. Edmond (2000) (re drug interdiction) • Why? Apparently because to investigate whether a particular individual is involved in criminal activity requires at least some individualized suspicion. • Remember that stopping a car = fourth amendment “seizure” • Terry: seizure requires reasonable suspicion

  4. The Mode of Analysis for Roadblock: • Purpose Analysis and • Balancing Test

  5. Purpose analysis

  6. Balancing Test[from Brown v. Texas, 1979]

  7. Factors to consider in balancing • To assess the severity of the intrusion on the individual’s fourth amendment right not to be unreasonably seized, consider: • The degree of police discretion about whom to stop [Stopping everyone versus random] • The degree of surprise and “suddenness” of the roadblock to the motorist • Length of delay • Clarity of identity of it as a police roadblock • Training and experience of the officers • Day or night • Public safety factor

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