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Composition of cosmic rays above 30 TeV Multi- TeV  - ray astronomy Effects of solar activity

GRAPES-3 DAQ Atul Jain on Behalf of GRAPES-3 Collaboration WAPP-2011, (20-29 December ), Bose Institute ,Darjeeling. Composition of cosmic rays above 30 TeV Multi- TeV  - ray astronomy Effects of solar activity All of the above science requires the following High performance detectors

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Composition of cosmic rays above 30 TeV Multi- TeV  - ray astronomy Effects of solar activity

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  1. GRAPES-3 DAQ Atul Jainon Behalf of GRAPES-3 CollaborationWAPP-2011, (20-29 December ), Bose Institute ,Darjeeling

  2. Composition of cosmic rays above 30 TeV • Multi-TeV-ray astronomy • Effects of solar activity All of the above science requires the following • High performance detectors • High speed signal processing • Large data acquisation systems (DAQ) Commercial equipment is expensive and does not always meet our exacting requirements. Therefore indigenous development of detectors and electronics has become a necessity for us WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty 2

  3. DATA RECORDING Data Acquisition System (DAQ) TRANSDUCER AMPLIFIER DISCRIMINATOR SIGNAL PROCESSING

  4. Detectors @ GRAPES-3 • High performance plastic scintillator detectors • Large area sealed proportional counters • Water Cherenkov detectors WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  5. Plastic Scintillator Detector WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  6. Plastic Scintillator Casting

  7. WAPP-2008 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  8. Plastic scintillation detectors - 400 • Spread over an area - 25,000 m2 WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  9. Google Earth View

  10. What we want to know ? • Energy deposited by the particle • Integrate the charge (Pulse from PMT) we get energy deposited by the particle • Arrival direction of the particle • Measure hit time in each detector with common reference and by relative difference calculate arrival direction

  11. Det#1 Det#2 Det#3 Det#2 Det#1 Det#3 Det#1 Disk of Particles Det#2 Det#3 Det#2 Det#1 Det#3 Det#1 Disk of Particles Det#2 Det#3 Det#2 Det#3 Det#1 Disk of Particles

  12. Proportional Counter WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  13. Inside view of Muon Supermodule at GRAPES-3 WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  14. Muon Detector PRE ANALYSIS STORAGE 16 GB GRAPES-3 3712 400 Scintillation Detector ScDet MUON EAS DAQ Monitoring MUONANGLE DAQ EAS DAQ EAS TRIGGER Weather Data MUDATA1 GB MUANGLE 4 GB SCRATE 1 GB SCDATA 8 GB • Running Monitoring Programs • Compression of the Raw data 15 DVD Writing

  15. A huge volume of data is collected continuously by the detectors (400 scintillators, 3712- proportinal counters) • Information in form of signals from all detectors needs to be processed (signal processing) and recorded (DAQ) • This is a crucial requirement for the successful running of the experiment. 1 TB information/day16 GB data/day WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  16. EAS-DAQ • Modular • Easy to maintain, modify, troubleshoot • Expandable PLASTIC SCINTILLATOR PROPORTIONAL COUNTER EAS Trigger Generation EAS Scint. DAQ EAS Muon DAQ WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  17. Requirement : • Uniform response over the trigger area Each detector should have same priority Core should be uniformly distributed EAS Trigger WAPP-2010 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  18. Reconstructed EAS core distribution WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  19. Trigger is generated at two levels Level-0 Level-1 • Trigger on EAS • 100Hz • Fast (100 ns) • Initiates Conversion • Quality trigger • 30Hz • Slow (1000 ns) • Records the data WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  20. Level -0 • Initiates the Conversion • Rate 100Hz. WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  21. Level-1 • Requires a minimum number of detectors to be hit • Present number of hits is 12 • EAS rate is 30 Hz • Data from scintillator and muon detectors is recorded • Implementation done using EPROMs. WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  22. EAS Scintillator DAQ START / GATE Level-0 Trigger GRAPES GRAPES Amplifier & Discriminator GRAPES Pulse Fan-out GRAPES HV Dist. EAS Trigger GRAPES GRAPES Level-1 Trigger ARRAY OF DETECTORS Clear 400…........721 EAS Trigger GRAPES GRAPES GRAPES Master Controller Real Time Clock ADC CAEN TDC GRAPES CAMAC Controller GRAPES Memory Buffer Clear Meinberg GPS Receiver GATE START WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  23. EAS Scint DAQ WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  24. HPTDC CALIBRATION TEST RESULTS

  25. Time Distribution with Muon Trigger FWHM=4.9ns

  26. EAS Muon DAQ HV Dist. Proportional Counter Amplifier & Discriminator RAM Card RAM Control Card EAS Trigger EAS Data Process Card Monitor Data Process Card Personal Computer WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  27. EAS Muon DAQ

  28. Muon Angle Recording System (MARS) • Under normal circumstances the muon detector rate (proportional counter) has been observed to be nearly constant with an r.m.s. variation of ~0.1% • This stability in count rate makes the muon detector a very sensitive monitor of the solar activity WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  29. Muon Module • Muon through all 4 layers  4-fold trigger • Geometry of counters and their separation allows track reconstruction to 6º LAYER-3 LAYER-2 LAYER-1 LAYER-0 GROUND LEVEL

  30. Trigger Logic : 4-Fold P.C - 1 Pulse Shaper AMP DISC Pulse Shaper Layer 3 - OR P.C 58 P.C - 1 Pulse Shaper AMP DISC Pulse Shaper AND 4-FOLD Layer 2 - OR P.C 58 3200 Hz P.C - 1 Pulse Shaper AMP DISC Pulse Shaper Layer 1 - OR P.C 58 P.C - 1 AMP DISC Pulse Shaper Pulse Shaper Layer 0 - OR P.C 58

  31. PC MARS MODULE CONTROL CARD (1) MODULE CONTROL CARD (2) 4-Fold(2) 4-Fold (1) 4-Fold (0) 4-Fold(3) MODULE CONTROL CARD (0) MODULE CONTROL CARD (3) (3) PCI CARD 32 BIT 32 Bit COMMON CONTROL CARD 16 Bit 16 Bit

  32. Field of View (225 solid angle bins) WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  33. MARS at GRAPES-3

  34. Monitoring Systems • Weather Station • Temperature • Humidity • Pressure • Rain • Wind Speed • Wind Direction • Electric Field Monitoring • GPS System

  35. Electric Field Monitor

  36. ASET Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  37. Test Benches • PMT uniformity • Detector uniformity • Scintillator hodoscope • SiPM test facility • Fast electronics calibration WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  38. Projects for Students • Muon life-time measurement • Velocity of light measurement • Assembly of detectors • Basic electronics; amplifiers, discriminators, logic units .. • High frequency signal transmission studies • Air Shower simulations with CORSIKA • Detector uniformity • Paddle Plateauing WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty

  39. On going R&D Projects • SiPM Characterization • SiPM Simulation • FPGA based Scalar and Trigger with USB interface • FPGA based DAQ with TCP/IP interface • High Voltage ( 3000V) and current monitoring for PMTs • Temperature Monitor and feed back control for SiPM

  40. THANKS

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