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Chemical Energy and Food

Chemical Energy and Food One gram of the sugar glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), when burned in the presence of oxygen, releases 3811 calories of heat energy . A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius. Overview of Cellular Respiration.

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Chemical Energy and Food

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  1. Chemical Energy and Food One gram of the sugar glucose (C6H12O6), when burned in the presence of oxygen, releases 3811 calories of heat energy. A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius.

  2. Overview of Cellular Respiration Electrons carried in NADH Electrons carried in NADH and FADH2 Pyruvicacid Glucose Glycolysis Cytoplasm Mitochondrion

  3. Oxygen is required for the final steps of cellular respiration, they are aerobic.

  4. Basics of Cell Resp. - Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.

  5. The equation for Cellular Respiration is: 6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy Oxygen + glucose → Carbon dioxide + water + Energy

  6. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm. The Krebs cycle and electron transport take place in the mitochondria. Glycolysis Cytoplasm Mitochondrion

  7. The Advantages of Glycolysis The process of glycolysis is so fast that cells can produce thousands of ATP molecules in a few milliseconds. Glycolysis does not require oxygen.

  8. Fermentation When oxygen is not present, glycolysis is followed by a different pathway. - The combined process of this pathway and glycolysis is called fermentation. - Fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP in the absence of oxygen. - Fermentation does not require oxygen—it is an anaerobic process.

  9. 2 Types of Fermentation: 1) Alcoholic Fermentation – performed by yeast, ex: used to make bread dough rise (baking). 2) Lactic Acid Fermentation – Think the burn you feel in your muscles when you run or exercise for a long period of time.

  10. Glycolysis – Occurs in Cytoplasm of the Mitochondria • Krebs Cycle & e- Transport Chain – Occur in the Mitochondria • Overall Products = 36 ATP

  11. HOMEWORK • Chapter 9 Assessment – pp. 237 #1-10, 12-15, 19, 26 • Chapter 8 Assessment – pp. 217 #1-10, 12, 16-17, 20, 22, 24

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