CHEMISTRY

1. CHEMISTRY The subject The course & The scope

2. CHEMISTRY ????

3. Why do you hate chemistry? There are several reasons. • Basic concepts are not taught properly in lower classes. • Over emphasis on certain trivial matters such as learning equations by heart. • Wrong concepts imparted in schools which are difficult to unlearn. • Poor teaching and boring presentation of the subject. • Students are given an impression that this is a subject to be memorized.

4. Let us forget the past….. And make a new beginning. WELCOME TO THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHEMISTRY

5. THE SUBJECT • Chemistry is the science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions • Chemistry is the study of interactions of chemical substances with one another and energy.

6. CHEMISTRY- THE CENTRAL SCIENCE What makes chemistry so special? • So many diverse areas of study such as engineering, medicine, agriculture, geology, microbiology, environmental science, metallurgy all relate in an essential way to chemistry . So chemistry is rightly called the Central Science. • The reason for the above observation is very simple: In any area of study related to the material world, the fundamental character of materials will be of utmost importance………and chemistry is the ultimate science of materials.

7. CHEMISTRY- ITS APPLICATIONS • Since chemistry is so intimately involved in almost every aspect of our contact with the material world, this science is an integral part of our culture. • Daily we use innumerable products of chemical research and production ,such as soaps, detergents, plastic items, kitchenware etc. • In addition we indirectly use thousands of chemical products via the foods we eat, cars we drive, the medical care we receive and so forth.

8. MAIN BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY • inorganic chemistry, the study of inorganic matter • organic chemistry, the study of organic (carbon based) matter • physical chemistry, the study of chemical processes using physical concepts such as thermodynamics and quantum mechanics • analytical chemistry, the analysis of material samples to gain an understanding of their chemical composition and structure • biochemistry, the study of substances found in biological organisms

9. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY • Inorganic chemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the properties and behavior of inorganic compounds. • This field covers all chemical compounds except the myriad organic compounds (carbon based compounds, usually containing C-H bonds), which are the subjects of organic chemistry. • The distinction between the two disciplines is far from absolute, and there is much overlap, most importantly in the sub-discipline of organometallic chemistry.

10. 1. Periodic table and Periodic properties 2. Theoretical inorganic chemistry Qualitative theories Molecular symmetry & group theory 3. Descriptive inorganic chemistry Coordination compounds Main group compounds Transition metal compounds Organometallic compounds Cluster compounds Bioinorganic compounds Solid state compounds 4. Industrial inorganic chemistry 5. Thermodynamics of inorganic reactions 6. Inorganic reaction mechanisms 7. Characterization of inorganic compounds 8. Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry INORGANIC CHEMISTRY –TOPICS

11. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY • Organic chemistry is a discipline within chemistry that involves the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of carbon-based compounds, hydrocarbons, and their derivatives. These compounds may contain any number of other elements, including hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, the halogens as well as phosphorus, silicon and sulfur

12. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY • Organic compounds are structurally diverse, and the range of application of organic compounds is enormous. They form the basis of, or are important constituents of many products (plastics, drugs, petrochemicals, food, explosives, paints, to name but a few) and, with very few exceptions, they form the basis of all earthly life processes. • Organic chemistry has very large applications in biochemistry, polymer science, pharmaceutical chemistry, and agrochemicals.

13. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY- TOPICS 1. Classification of organic compounds: • Functional groups and homologous series • Aliphatic compounds • Aromatic compounds • Heterocyclic compounds • Polymers • Natural products 2. Physical Properties 3. Separation & Characterization techniques • Traditional methods • Chromatography • Spectroscopy 4. Nomenclature 5. Structural drawings 6. Isomerism 7. Stereochemistry 8. Reactions & Mechanisms 9. Organic synthesis

14. PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY • Physical chemistry is the study of macroscopic, atomic, subatomic, and particulate phenomena in chemical systems in terms of physical concepts; often using the principles, practices and concepts of physics like thermodynamics, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics and dynamics. • The majority of the principles on which physical chemistry was founded are concepts related to the bulk rather than on molecular/atomic structure alone; for example, chemical equilibrium, colloidsetc.

15. PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY- TOPICS • Thermochemistry • Chemical kinetics • Quantum chemistry • Electrochemistry • Photochemistry • Surface chemistry • Solid-state chemistry • Spectroscopy • Biophysical chemistry • Materials science • Physical organic chemistry

16. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY • Analytical chemistry is the study of the separation, identification, and quantification of the chemical components of natural and artificial materials. • Qualitative analysis gives an indication of the identity of the chemical species in the sample. • Quantitative analysis determines the amount of one or more of these components. The separation of components is often performed prior to analysis

17. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY • Analytical methods can be separated into classical and instrumental. Classical methods (also known as wet chemistry methods) use separations such as precipitation, extraction, and distillation and qualitative analysis by color, odor, or melting point. Quantitative analysis is achieved by measurement of weight or volume. • Instrumental methods use an apparatus to measure physical quantities of the analyte such as light absorption, fluorescence, or conductivity. The separation of materials is accomplished using chromatography or electrophoresis methods.

18. ANALYTICL CHEMISTRY - TOPICS 1. Data analysis 2. Classical methods • Qualitative analysis • Gravimetric analysis • Volumetric analysis 3. Instrumental methods • Spectroscopy • Mass spectrometry • Crystallograghy • Electrochemical analysis • Thermal analysis • Separation techniques

19. BIOCHEMISTRY Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes in living organisms. It deals with the structures and functions of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules. Today the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.

20. BIOCHEMISTRY • Among the vast number of different biomolecules, many are complex and large molecules (called polymers), which are composed of similar repeating subunits (called monomers). Each class of polymeric biomolecule has a different set of subunit types. For example, a protein is a polymer whose subunits are selected from a set of 20 or more amino acids. Biochemistry studies the chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, and in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzedreactions. • The biochemistry of cellmetabolism and the endocrine system has been extensively described. Other areas of biochemistry include the genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membranetransport, and signal transduction.

21. BIOCHEMISTRY- TOPICS • Introduction to biochemistry • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Amino acids and proteins • Enzymes • Nucleic acids • Vitamins and hormones • Metabolism • Bioenergetics and biological oxidation

22. THE COURSE STRUCTURE • B.Sc.(Chemistry) course consists of 8 theory papers and 8 practical papers spread over 6 semesters. • First 4 semesters- one theory paper & one practical paper each. • Fifth & sixth semesters- two theory and two practical papers each. • Total marks for each theory paper is 100 and total marks for each practical paper is 50. • Continuous internal assessment (CIA) & End semester examination (SE) each is given 50% weightage in every paper, both theory and practical. • CIA is based on written tests, seminars , assignments, quiz etc.

23. THEORY PAPERS • I semester: Chemistry - I (60 hours) - atomic structure, periodic table, chemical bonding, stoichiometry, ionic equilibria, analytical chemistry and organic nomenclature. • II semester: Chemistry - 2 (60 hours) - 15 hours each of general, inorganic, organic and physical chemistry topics. • III semester: Chemistry - 3 (60 hours) – inorganic and physical chemistry(15 hrs each), organic chemistry(30 hrs.) • IV semester: Chemistry - 4 (60 hours) – inorganic and organic chemistry(15 hrs each), physical chemistry(30 hrs.) • V semester: Chemistry – 5 (45 hours) – physical chemistry Chemistry – 6 (45 hours) – organic chemistry • VI semester: Chemistry – 7 (45 hours) – inorganic chemistry Chemistry - 8 (45 hours) - biochemistry

24. PRACTICAL PAPERS • Sem 1: Practicals – 1: Organic preparations • Sem 2: Practicals – 2: Inorganic semimicro qualitative analysis • Sem 3: Practicals – 3: Volumetric analysis • Sem 4: Practicals – 4: Physical chemistry (non-electrical) • Sem 5: Practicls – 5: Physical chemistry (instrumental) Practicals – 6: Qualitative organic analysis • Sem 6: Practicals - 7: Quantitative inorganic and organic analysis and spectral analysis Practicals – 8: Biochemistry experiments

25. SE QUESTION PAPER PATTERN • Part A: 2 marks × 10 (out of 12) = 20 • Part B: 6 marks × 10 (out of 12) = 60 • Part C: 5 marks × 4 (out of 6) = 20 Total = 100

26. FACULTY • Dr.Micheal Rajamathi (MR) • Dr. Deepak. K. Koppikar (DKK) • Dr. Sudha Gopalakrishna (SG) • Dr. N. Nagaraju (NN) • Dr. Naveenchandra (NC)- HOD • Mr. Ananthapadmanabha Rao (RAP) • Dr. Vijayasri Srinivasan (VS) • Dr. K. Vijayakumar Reddy (KVR) • Mr. T.V. Vedavyasa (TVV) • Mr. Baskar.T (BT) • Dr. H. Jayasankar (HJS)

27. FACULTY • Dr. Denis L. Mascarenhas (DLM) • Dr. Mohanadas (MD) • Dr. Ronald J. Mascarenhas (RM) • Dr. Melwin Colaco (MC) • Dr. B.V. Somashekaraiah (BVS) • Dr. Sandra Misquith (STM) • Dr. S.V.Shobha (SVS) • Dr. Shanty Mathew (SM) • Dr. Libi Thomas (LT)

28. The department expects you to… • Be open and willing to learn the subject • Be hard working and sincere • Enjoy learning the subject • Rise up to the challenges & grab the opportunities • Be interactive with teachers & participative in the class

29. THE SCOPE After the B.Sc course you have the following options if you decide to opt for chemistry: • You can take your M.Sc degree in a chosen branch of chemistry from reputed institutes such as IISc., IITs, NITs etc or from universities and affiliated colleges. • After M.Sc, you can decide to take up research in an area of your choice from reputed institutions in India and abroad. • To be eligible for research fellowship and lectureship in India, you have to clear the UGC-CSIR national level eligibility test (NET). • You can also opt for highly paid jobs in chemical, pharmaceutical industries such as Biocon, GE, Cipla etc.

30. Chemistry is a beautiful subject. It takes us to the microscopic world of atoms and molecules and their interactions. Let us learn it with a smile!

31. Thank you.