1 / 14

Child Growth and Development, ELED 132

Child Growth and Development, ELED 132. Dr. Andrew Whitehead More Information at: www.esu.edu/~andrew. Defining Intelligence. What is intelligence? Intelligence – the ability to benefit from experiences and thereby modify future behaviors to accomplish new tasks successfully.

linore
Download Presentation

Child Growth and Development, ELED 132

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Child Growth and Development, ELED 132 Dr. Andrew Whitehead More Information at: www.esu.edu/~andrew

  2. Defining Intelligence • What is intelligence? • Intelligence – the ability to benefit from experiences and thereby modify future behaviors to accomplish new tasks successfully

  3. Theoretical Perspectives • Spearman’s g • g = general factor in intelligence • Cattell’s Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence • Fluid intelligence – the ability to acquire knowledge quickly and thereby to adapt to new situations gf • Crystallized intelligence – the knowledge and skills they have accumulated through their experiences gc

  4. Theoretical Perspectives • Sternbergs Triarchic Theory – focuses on the role of intelligence itself • Role of Environmental Context • Role of Prior Experience • Role of Cognitive Processes • Distributed Intelligence • Intelligence depends on people’s physical, social and cultural support systems

  5. Theoretical Perspectives • Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences • Linguistic • Logical-Mathematical • Spatial • Musical • Bodily-Kinesthetic • Interpersonal • Intrapersonal • Naturalist • New! Existential

  6. Heredity and Environmental Influences • Evidence for Hereditary Influences • Twins • Adoption studies • Evidence for Environmental Influences • Twins again • Effects of Home Environment • Effects of Early Nutrition • Effects of Toxic Substances • Effects of Early Intervention • Effects of Formal Schooling • How Nature and Nurture Interact in Their Influence

  7. Measuring Intelligence • Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children • WISC-IV • Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale • Universal Nonverbal Intelligence Test • IQ Scores • Bell curve • Validity and Reliability • Most commercially available tests are considered to be both valid and reliable

  8. Developmental Trends in IQ Scores • IQ scores become increasingly stable with age • IQ scores become increasingly better predictors of future achievement

  9. Group Differences in Intelligence • Socioeconomic Differences • Gender Differences • Ethnic and Racial Differences

  10. Critique of Current Perspectives on Intelligence • Research has relied too heavily on traditional intelligence tests • IQ scores are often interpreted out of context • Assessment of intelligence in schools focuses almost exclusively on skills that are mainstream Western culture

  11. Critique of Current Perspectives on Intelligence • Intelligence tests overlook dispositions and metacognitive strategies as important contributors to intellectual functioning • Many theorists have placed higher priority on assessing current intelligence than on developing future intelligence

  12. Implications of Theories and Research on Intelligence • Maintain a skepticism about the accuracy of IQ scores • Remain optimistic about every student’s potential • Support early intervention programs in your community • Capitalize on students’ unique strengths and abilities • Be open-minded about the ways in which students might demonstrate intelligence

  13. Implications of Theories and Research on Intelligence • Promote more “intelligent” cognitive strategies • Give children the support they need to think more intelligently

  14. Exceptionalities in Intelligence • Giftedness • High IQ • National Association for Gifted Children • Pennsylvania Association for Gifted Education • Growing Gifted Children • Mental retardation • IQ 65-70

More Related