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Chapter 11 : National and Regional Growth. Section 1: Early Industry and Inventions. 1. How did the Industrial Revolution change the way people worked?. Farming to Factories Hand tools to machine More goods, more quickly!. Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?.
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1. How did the Industrial Revolution change the way people worked? • Farming to Factories • Hand tools to machine • More goods, more quickly!
How did it make its way to America? No, I’m not Samuel Slater!! The name is John Doe!
2. Four reasons New England was a good place to set up factories?
Rivers for water power • Willing workers (subsistence farmers) • Seaports for exporting • Wealthy investors
3. Who were the “Lowell girls”? • Farm girls who moved into boarding houses to work in Lowell factories • Long hours and poor working conditions but living conditions better than at home
4. Who came up with the idea for interchangeable parts? How did interchangeable parts change industry? • Eli Whitney • Faster production • Easier repairs • Assembly line
5. For each inventor, name his invention and tell how his invention impacted life:
Robert Fulton • Improved steamboat • Faster water transportation
Samuel F.B. Morse • telegraph – Morse Code • faster communication
John Deere • steel plow • for harder soil of Midwest
Cyrus McCormick • mechanical reaper • faster/easier harvesting crops
6. In what four ways did Eli Whitney’s cotton gin change life in the South?
Cotton became the #1 crop – most valuable crop
Native Americans are driven off land to make room for plantations. Pg. 334
Although slaves made up about 1/3 of the South’s population by 1840, most Southerners did not own slaves!!! • Only about 1/3 of white Southerners owned slaves…only 1/10 of those owned 20 or more
8. Describe some of the difficulties free African Americans faced. • had to leave state once they became free • could not vote or go to school • many employers refused to hire them • afraid of being sold into slavery
9. What were spirituals? • Religious folk songs sung by slaves that often contained coded messages about escape routes.
10. Describe the Nat Turner Rebellion and its effect on African Americans in the South. • Slave rebellion • 55 whites were killed • Turner and his followers were caught/hanged • Spread fear in the South • Harsher laws for African Americans
11. What was the purpose of the “American System”? • Proposed by Henry Clay (nationalist) • Make America self-sufficient by: • Protective tariff • 2nd Bank of the US – uniform $$ • Improve transportation systems
12. In what ways was transportation improved during the mid 1800s? • National Road • Canals • PG 339 • Steamship • Railroads
James Monroe is elected as the 5th President of the United States
13. Why was Monroe’s administration called the “Era of Good Feeling”? • Nationalism /patriotism: War of 1812 • Only one political party • Federalist Party died out
14. What two court cases strengthened the federal govt. during Monroe’s admin.? • McCullough v. Maryland • state cannot tax a national bank • Gibbons v. Ogden • interstate (between states) commerce can only be regulated by federal govt
15. How did the US settle disputes with Britain in the early 1800s? (two treaties & what they agreed on) • Rush-Bagot Agreement – limited both navies on Great Lakes • Convention of 1818 – 49th parallel as US/Canadian Border • Pg. 341
16. Why were relations tense between US and Spain? • LA Purchase boundary • Seminoles from Florida were raiding Georgia What was Andrew Jackson sent to do? • Stop Seminoles from raiding How did he overstep his authority? • Claimed Florida for the US How did the US finally acquire Florida? • Adams-Onis Treaty
17/18. define … • nationalism • pride in one’s country • sectionalism • putting region/state ahead of the nation
19. How did economic changes contribute to sectionalism? • Each section of the country wanted to protect its economic interests…….
