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Group 3

Group 3. Kindra Akridge Antoinette Sellers Hanna Stolarczyk Tawni Voyles. Parieto-prefrontal pathway.

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Group 3

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  1. Group 3 Kindra Akridge Antoinette Sellers Hanna Stolarczyk Tawni Voyles

  2. Parieto-prefrontal pathway The subregions of the occipito-parietal circuit that give rise to this pathway (LIP, VIP, MT, MST) are strongly involved in the initiation and control of eye movements and are crucial for spatial working memory. The parieto-prefrontal pathway provides the input to the prefrontal cortex that is necessary for top-down executive control of visuospatial processing

  3. Parieto- • Premotor • Pathway

  4. Helps maintain maps of space and body position (V6A, MIP, VIP, LIP, VIP, MT and MST) • Subregions maintain visual coordinates relative to body part location • Necessary for visually guided action • Study in monkeys showed that LIP and MIP receive input about position of arms, eyes, and head and possibly support visual reconfiguration during movement • These regions have been found in monkeys and humans to be involved in reaching and grasping for objects. • Damage to parieto-premotor pathway can lead to problems in reaching and grasping

  5. Parieto–medial temporal pathway • cIPL is specialized in processing distant space and less involved with the guiding of bodily actions • Some cIPL neurons encode object centered reference frames • These neurons are sensitive to the speed of optic flow • Both of these abilities are essential for navigation

  6. How the hippocampus is connected to the pariato-medial temporal lobe • Links the cIPL with the MTL both directly and indirectly • The MTL includes the hippocampus • One set directly moves from the cytoartchitectonic zone between the sucivulum and CA1 then to the pre and parasubicularsubdicisions of the hippocampus then to the post hippocampal areas • These same sources and targets are also connected indirectly using serially connected limibic areas: the PCC and RSC

  7. (thought) Why is the hippocampus connected into the parieto-medial temporal pathway? • Much of the processing done by the parieto-medial temporal pathway is focused on navigation and relating ourselves to our environment. • The hippocampus creates cognitive maps, which reduce the cognitive load required for navigation, as well as allow us to acquire, code, decode, store, and recall information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in our spatial environment. • When navigating through a new environment, as the parieto-medial-temporal pathway perceives the new spatial information, the hippocampus is most likely creating memories about this environment to form a new cognitive map. • Already existing cognitive maps allow us to navigate through familiar environments more efficiently. • Speculation: It makes sense that the hippocampus and the parieto-medial temporal pathway are connected via many both direct and indirect projections – this large number of connections between these areas allow the two to integrate their information to form the best cognitive map possible.

  8. Margulies et al. • Consistent fMRI signals (“rise and falls” in activity) within the occipito-parietal system and within the parieto-medial pathway (PCC, RSC, IPL) show cells working as a unit • Findings support the complex extent in which the visuospatial processing system functions • A complex processing system calls for a complex variety of pathways (as is discussed within the dorsal stream and its pathways/circuits

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