Chapter 11 Stress-related Disorders

Chapter 11Stress-related Disorders Zhai Jin-guo Jining Medical University

Beautiful Wenchuan

Air disaster

Hostage events Conflict

9.11

Busy, busy,too busy !

现象：生活节凑加快竞争机制加强 精神压力加大人际关系复杂生机？危机？活力？压力？

Outline 1．Master：（1）The concept of stressor, psychological stress, stress-related disorders；（2）Classification of stress-related disorders and the clinical features 2. Familiar with：（1）the process and mesomerism factors of stress （2）treatment rule of stress-related disorders 3．Understand：the cause of stress-related disorders

Stress Reaction and Influential Factors

stressor stress H. Selye (1907-1982)

Selye’s stress theory • Stressor 较强烈的刺激，足以引起机体内稳态变化的刺激。 • Stress： • General Adaptation Syndrome, GAS （一般适应综合征) Phase 1：alarm phase（警觉期） Phase 2：resistance phase（抵抗期） Phase 3：exhaustion phase（衰竭期）

一般适应症候群(General adaptation syndrome,GAS. Selye,1936) • 第一阶段：警觉阶段（动员期）

第二阶段：搏斗阶段（适应或抵抗期） • 全力投入对事件的应对，消除压力，适应压力，压抑或退却。

第三阶段：衰竭阶段（衰竭期） • 消耗大量生理和心理资源，最后“筋疲力尽”

stress coping stress stressor appears normal alarm phase coping stress Stress coping exhaustion phase resistance phase

Personality theory and psychological stress • 本我 id • 自我 ego • 超我 superego • 意识 consciousness • 前意识preconsciousness • 潜意识subconsciousness

Lazarus’s psychological stress theory • Psychological stress 个体在觉察（认知评价）到威胁或挑战，必须做出适应或应对时的心身紧张状态。以认知因素为核心的一种多因素作用过程 Richard S. Lazarus 拉泽鲁斯, US

Stressor  Biological, psychological, social attributive(属性) classification  Phenomenological classification  Individual influence  Objective attributive classification

Stressor Biological, psychological, social attributive classification 生物性应激源：理化\躯体因素等 心理性应激源：心理冲突、挫折 社会性应激源：灾害 文化性应激源：道德、风俗习惯

Stressor Phenomenological classification  工作问题  恋爱、婚姻和家庭问题  人际关系问题  经济问题  个人健康问题  喜庆事件

Stressor • Individual influence  Positive life events：积极作用  Negative life events：消极作用 • Objective attributive classification  客观事件  主观事件

Social psychological stressors • Marriage and family problem • Occupation（school ,work）problem • Social environmental factor • Individual situation

Stress reaction • Physical stress reaction • Psychological stress reaction

Physical stress reaction Cannon

Chapter 11 Stress-related Disorders